Electrolysis

• What is the aim of the experiment described?

  Determine products from passing current through salt solution
• What type of electrodes are used in the experiment?

  Carbon electrodes (inert)
• What should be ensured about the carbon electrodes in the solution?

  They should not touch each other
• What is the negative electrode called in this setup?

  Cathode
• What is the positive electrode called in this setup?

  Anode
• What ions are present in the solution during electrolysis?

  H⁺ and OH⁻ ions
• What additional ions are present in sodium chloride solution?

  Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions
• What happens if the metal ion is more reactive than hydrogen?

  Hydrogen is reduced at the cathode to make H₂ gas
• What occurs if the metal ion is less reactive than hydrogen?

  The metal will be reduced instead
• What happens at the anode if the non-metal ion is a halide?

  It will be oxidized, producing Cl₂
• What is produced at the anode when Cl⁻ is oxidized?

  Chlorine gas (Cl₂)
• How can the production of Cl₂ be proven?

  By bleaching blue litmus paper
• What is produced at the anode if the non-metal ion is not a halide?

  Oxygen gas (O₂)
• What is an example of a non-halide ion mentioned?

  Sulfate (SO₄²⁻)