nerve tissues

• What are the two main components of the nervous system?

  Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system
• What does the central nervous system consist of?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What is a neuron?

  A nerve cell that carries signals
• How do neurons function in the body?

  They carry electrical signals or nerve impulses
• What part of the neuron receives signals?

  Dendrites
• What is the myelin sheath?

  Insulation around the axon of a neuron
• What are Schwann cells?

  Cells that form the myelin sheath
• What are the gaps between Schwann cells called?

  Nodes of Ranvier
• What are the two types of neurons based on myelination?

  Myelinated and non-myelinated neurons
• How does the diameter of myelinated neurons compare to non-myelinated neurons?

  Myelinated neurons have a larger diameter
• What color are myelinated neurons typically?

  White
• What color are non-myelinated neurons typically?

  Gray
• How do impulse speeds differ between myelinated and non-myelinated neurons?

  Myelinated neurons transmit impulses faster
• What type of signals do non-myelinated neurons typically carry?

  Slow impulses like aches and soreness
• What type of signals do myelinated neurons typically carry?

  Quick signals like sharp pain
• What are the three types of neurons?

  Sensory, motor, and relay neurons
• What is the function of sensory neurons?

  Carry signals from receptors to the CNS
• What is the function of motor neurons?

  Carry signals to effectors like muscles
• Where are relay neurons found?

  In the central nervous system
• What are the differences between myelinated and non-myelinated neurons?

  • Myelinated neurons have a myelin sheath; non-myelinated do not.
  • Myelinated neurons have a larger diameter; non-myelinated have a smaller diameter.
  • Myelinated neurons transmit impulses quickly; non-myelinated transmit slowly.
  • Myelinated neurons are typically white; non-myelinated are gray.
• What are the functions of the three types of neurons?

  • Sensory neurons: Carry signals from receptors to CNS.
  • Motor neurons: Carry signals from CNS to effectors.
  • Relay neurons: Connect sensory and motor neurons within CNS.
• What is nerve tissue?

  Specialized tissue found in the brain and nervous system that transmits electrical signals. Consists of neurons and supporting cells designed for communication and processing information.
• What are the two main parts of the nervous system?

  Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
• What is the role of the central nervous system?

  Coordinating all functions of the body
• What types of neurons make up the central nervous system?

  Myelinated and unmyelinated neurons
• What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

  Neurons not part of the central nervous system
• What is the function of peripheral nervous system neurons?

  Carry sensory information to CNS and send messages

  
• What is a motor neuron?

  A neuron that stimulates muscles or glands
• Where is the soma of a motor neuron located?

  Within the central nervous system
• What do motor neurons connect to?

  Muscles and glands

  
• What is the role of sensory neurons?

  Send impulses from sense cells towards CNS

  
• What is a dendron in a sensory neuron?

  The longest part of the sensory neuron

  
• Where is the cell body of a sensory neuron located?

  Just outside the CNS in ganglia
• What is the function of interneurons?

  Connect sensory neurons to motor neurons
• How do reflex arcs function?

  By connecting sensory neurons to motor neurons
• What are the steps in a reflex arc?

  1. Sensory stimulus detected
  2. Sensory neuron transmits impulse
  3. Interneuron connects to motor neuron
  4. Motor neuron stimulates response
  5. Response occurs quickly to avoid harm
• What happens when a sensory stimulus is detected?

  It is transmitted along the sensory neuron

  
• What is depolarization in a nerve impulse?

  Change in charge across the neuron membrane
• What is the resting potential of a neuron?

  -70mV
• What triggers an action potential?

  Reaching the threshold potential of -50mV