Particle Motion in Gases

Cards (10)

The molecules of a gas are in constant random motion
The temperature of the gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules
Changing the temperature of a gas, held at constant volume, changes the pressure exerted by the gas
A gas can be compressed or expanded by pressure changes. The pressure produces a net force at right angles to the wall of the gas container (or any surface)
$pressure \times volume =$ $constant$ $pV=$ $constan t$
Pressure (p) in pascals (Pa)
Volume (V) in metres cubed (m3)
Pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other
In a sealed container the outward gas pressure is the total force excerted by all particles in the gas per unit area of the container walls
Increasing the temperature of a gas increases the kinetic energy of the particles meaning more frequent collisions and an increase in gas pressure
Work is the transfer of energy by a force
Doing work on a gas increases the internal energy of the gas and can cause an increase in the temperature of the gas