NRM explain why

• Why do people join New Religious Movements (NRMs)?

  They feel marginalised and seek identity
• What do people seek when they join NRMs according to Wilson?

  A sense of community and respect
• What is the "spiritual void" mentioned by Heelas?

  A feeling of disenchantment in a rationalised world
• What is self-fulfilment in the context of NRMs?

  Achieving one's inner potential
• How do NRMs provide meaning during a "crisis of meaning"?

  They offer hope of salvation and answers
• What does Bauman mean by "crisis of meaning"?

  People struggle to find purpose in life
• What is the "theodicy of disprivilege" according to Weber?

  Justification for suffering and deprivation
• What does Glock and Stark mean by "cultural turn"?

  Response to perceived selfishness in society
• What is "relative deprivation" as described by Stark and Bainbridge?

  Feeling deprived compared to others
• How does relative deprivation differ from absolute poverty?

  Relative deprivation is comparative dissatisfaction
• What is the protest aspect of NRMs?

  Response to globalization and materialism
• What does anomie refer to in the context of NRMs?

  Normlessness and social dislocation
• What is the Black Muslims also known as?

  The Nation of Islam
• Who was Malcolm X?

  A civil rights leader and minister
• What were the key aims of the Black Muslims?

  Black self-determination and racial uplift
• How did Malcolm X educate himself?

  Through self-education while in prison
• What was Malcolm X's stance on desegregation?

  He argued for land, power, and freedom
• What methods did Malcolm X believe were ineffective?

  Peaceful methods like sit-ins and marches
• What was the "self-love" approach promoted by Malcolm X?

  Encouraging black people to love themselves
• What slogan did Malcolm X create?

  "Black is beautiful"
• How did Malcolm X's views change after his pilgrimage?

  He became more reflexive and open-minded
• What economic blueprint did Islam offer according to Malcolm X?

  Encouragement of economic independence
• What responsibilities did the economic blueprint emphasize?

  Responsibilities as husband, father, and breadwinner
• What was encouraged among members of the Black Muslims?

  To look out for each other
• What social change arose in 1960 for black Muslims?

  Promise of change and end to discrimination
• Why did many black Americans turn to Islam during the 1960s?

  It offered hope, purpose, and pride
• What does "theodicy of disprivilege" refer to in the context of black Muslims?

  It explains their suffering and marginalization
• What happens to a sect after it becomes more tolerant and respectable?

  It tends to become a denomination
• Why is it hard to keep a second generation focused on a sect?

  Due to the influence of religious diversity
• What does religious diversity imply for individuals in sects?

  People may frequently change their beliefs
• What are the outcomes for some New Religious Movements (NRMs)?

  • Some develop into denominations
  • Others remain as NRMs
• According to Aldrich, why do some sects continue to exist?

  They effectively socialize their children
• Which groups are examples of sects that socialize their children?

  Jehovah’s Witnesses and Amish
• Why can't some sects become denominations?

  Requirements are too great and few new members
• What does Wilson argue about the survival of a sect?

  It depends on their response to salvation questions
• How do NRMs grow according to the text?

  By converting members into their sect
• What type of sect are Jehovah’s Witnesses classified as?

  World rejecting sect
• What did Jehovah’s Witnesses seek?

  Fulfillment and salvation
• When did Jehovah’s Witnesses originate?

  1881
• What class do Jehovah’s Witnesses largely belong to?

  Upper working class