B7

• What are the genetic causes of cancer?

  Some cancers run in families.
• How do mutations caused by carcinogens lead to cancer?

  They damage DNA and cause mutations.
• What type of radiation can cause cancer?

  Ionizing radiation such as UV and X-rays.
• How do viruses contribute to cancer development?

  They damage DNA in cells, making them cancerous.
• Which virus is known to cause cervical cancer?

  HPV (Human Papillomavirus).
• What is chemotherapy and how does it work?

  • Cancer treatment using medication
  • Kills cancer cells
  • Stops cancer cells from reproducing
  • Prevents growth and spread in the body
• What are common side effects of chemotherapy?

  Feeling tired, sick, and hair loss.
• How can side effects of chemotherapy be managed?

  Many can be treated or prevented.
• What is radiotherapy and its purpose?

  • Treatment using radiation
  • Kills cancer cells
  • Damages cancer cells to stop growth and spread
• What are the common types of radiotherapy?

  External radiotherapy, brachytherapy, radioisotope therapy.
• How is external radiotherapy administered?

  A machine aims radiation beams at cancer.
• What is brachytherapy?

  Implants of radioactive metal near cancer.
• What is radioisotope therapy?

  Radioactive liquid swallowed or injected.
• What happens after external radiotherapy treatment?

  Patients can usually go home soon after.
• How often is radiotherapy typically administered?

  Several sessions over a few weeks.
• What are the side effects of radiotherapy?

  Sore skin, tiredness, hair loss, and nausea.
• How can side effects of radiotherapy be managed?

  Many can be treated or prevented.