2.14 - Acids

• What do acids release in aqueous solution?

  H⁺ ions
• Name a common acid.

  HCl
• What is an alkali?

  Water soluble bases that release OH⁻ ions
• Name a common alkali.

  NaOH
• What is a base?

  A substance that can accept H⁺ ions
• What is neutralisation?

  A reaction between H⁺ and OH⁻ forming water
• What can neutralisation produce besides water?

  A salt
• What types of substances can act as bases?

  Carbonates, metal oxides, and alkalis
• What defines a strong acid?

  Completely dissociates in solution
• What is titration used for?

  To determine the concentration of a solution
• What does titration involve?

  Reacting known and unknown concentration solutions
• What is required in a titration?

  A known concentration and a known volume
• How does a strong acid differ from a weak acid?

  A strong acid completely dissociates in solution
• What are the key characteristics of acids and alkalis?

  • Acids release H⁺ ions in solution
  • Common acids: HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃, CH₃COOH
  • Alkalis release OH⁻ ions in solution
  • Common alkalis: NaOH, KOH, NH₃
• What is the process of neutralisation and its products?

  • Reaction between H⁺ and OH⁻ ions
  • Produces water and a salt
  • Involves acids and bases (carbonates, metal oxides, alkalis)
• What is the purpose and process of titration?

  • Used to determine concentration of a solution
  • Involves known concentration reacting with unknown concentration
  • Requires precise measurement of volumes
• What is a weak acid?

  An acid that partially dissociates in solution