CHAPTER 6

• STRESS

  • reaction of the body and mind to unkind or challenging life incidents
• STRESS

  1. EUSTRESS
  2. DISTRESS
• EUSTRESS

  • positive stress
  • promotes growth & accomplishments
• DISTRESS

  • negative stress
  • causes poor performance
• STRESSORS

  • events or situations that cause stress
  • body reacts to stress by releasing hormones, preparing for a response.
• FORMS OF STRESS

  1. ACUTE STRESS
  2. CUMULATIVE STRESS
  3. CHRONIC STRESS
• ACUTE STRESS

  • most common form
  • Arising from recent, past, or anticipated challenges
• CUMULATIVE STRESS

  • stress that built up
• CHRONIC STRESS

  • prolonged stress
• SOURCES OF STRESS

  1. MAJOR LIFE CHANGES
  2. EVERYDAY PROBLEMS
  3. PHYSICAL SURROUNDINGS
  4. OTHER STRESSORS
• GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME

  • describes physiologic changes our body undergoes as it responds to stress
  • developed by Hans Selye
• GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME

  1. ALARM STAGE
  2. RESISTANCE STAGE
  3. EXHAUSTION STAGE
• ALARM STAGE

  • phase where the brain deciphers the distress and instantly deal with it
  • Fight or Flight
• RESISTANCE STAGE

  • stress is being resolved after meeting its demands
• EXHAUSTION STAGE

  • stress recurs until it becomes chronic
  • Stress level peaks and then develops health risks
• COMMON REACTIONS EXPERIENCED DURING STRESSFUL SITUATIONS:

  1. PHYSICAL SIGNS
  2. EMOTIONAL SIGNS
  3. BEHAVIORAL SIGNS
  4. PSYCHOLOGICAL SIGNS
• APPROPRIATE STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

  1. MANAGE STRESSORS
  2. REST AND SLEEP
  3. EXERCISE
  4. USE RELAXATION METHODS
• DEEP BREATHING

  • tells brain to calm down & relax
• PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION

  • tensing & relaxing different muscle geoups in a specific order
• MEDITATION

  • temporarily tunes out the world, provides inner peace
• VISUALIZATION

  • uses imagination to relax & reduce stress
• COPING

  • capacity to respond & recover from stressful situations
• COPING

  1. ADAPTIVE COPING
  2. MALADAPTIVE COPING
  3. INSTRUMENTAL COPING
  4. EMOTIONAL FOCUSED COPING
  5. ACTIVE COPING
  6. AVOIDANT COPING
• ADAPTIVE COPING

  • direct confrontation of stress
• MALADAPTIVE COPING

  • harmful/ineffective in the long run
  • provides temporary relief
  • counterproductive mechanism that includes use of alcohol & drugs
• INSTRUMENTAL COPING

  • approaches that tackle the problem to reduce the stress of a particular situation
• EMOTION FOCUSED COPING

  • nurturing emotional health
• ACTIVE COPING

  • recognition of the stressor to lessen its consequences
• AVOIDANT COPING

  • ignores/denies the problem