L1 | EXOGENIC PROCESS

• EXOGENIC PROCESS

  • Process that the Earth experience on the surface 
  • Rocks on the surface 
  • EXO - OUTSIDE
• WEATHERING

  1. PHYSICAL WEATHERING
  2. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
• PHYSICAL WEATHERING

  • Breaking down of rocks in pieces without affecting its chemical reaction
• PHYSICAL WEATHERING

  • TEMPERATURE
  • FROST ACTION
  • ABRASION
  • ACTION OF LIVING ORGANISMS
• TEMPERATURE

  • HOT: Rock expands
  • COLD: Rock contracts
  • Contracting and expanding of rock leads to breaking of rocks into smaller pieces by having a crack 
• FROST ACTION

  • Rocks that has cracks will eventually be filled with water, and when placed in a cold temperature, the water freezes and the rocks expand 
  • After it expands, the rocks will eventually break into smaller pieces
• ABRASION

  • With the help of running water or sands (mostly in waterfalls), the rock’s surface smoothens because it is being scratched by the sand
• ACTIONS OF LIVING ORGANISM

  • When root of the plants enter between the cracks or rocks of rocks, it will affect and contribute to the breaking of rocks into smaller pieces 
  • Human actions such as when trucks/vehicles passes over the sediments/rocks
• CHEMICAL WEATHERING

  • Broken pieces of rocks (or the rock itself) has different chemical composition due to the process they undergo
• CHEMICAL WEATHERING

  1. WATER
  2. OXYGEN
  3. CARBON DIOXIDE
  4. SULFUR OXIDE
  5. ACIDS AND CHEMICALS
• WATER

  • If rocks or minerals are exposed to the water (too much) it turn into mud water, or it smooth due to the procedure 
  • universal solvent
• OXYGEN

  • Some of the minerals that are metallic in nature undergo oxidation 
  • This metallic in nature undergo rusting, which shows the evidence of chemical reaction
• CARBON DIOXIDE

  • Reacts in water and slips between the Earth’s surface, and when these carbon dioxide becomes acidic, it reacts with rocks
• SULFUR OXIDE

  • Present when we burn fossil fuels, where it turns into sulfuric acid
• ACIDS & CHEMICALS

  • Rain that contains acid destroys or breaks down rocks.
• WEATHERING ROCKS LEAD TO SOIL FORMATION

  1. RESIDUAL SOIL
  2. TRANSPORTED SOIL
• RESIDUAL SOIL

  • soil material which is derived from rock bedding and has not undergone transportation
• TRANSPORTED SOIL

  • rocks weathered are transported to one place to another
• AGENTS OF EROSION

  1. WIND
  2. RUNNING WATER
  3. WAVES
  4. GLACIERS
  5. GRAVITY
• WIND

  • One of the biggest factor of erosion
  • dunes - mounts of sand
  • loess - very fertile, deposit of fine glass and silk
• RUNNING WATER

  • Flood, Rivers, etc.
  • Brings rock to lower areas
• WAVES

  • Another big factor in erosion
  • Creates sandbars 
  • controls the waves (submerged)
  • Creates benches
  • Narrow flat area often seen at the base of a sea cliff created by waves or other physical or chemical erosion near the shore line
  • Creates spits
  • sandbars that are not submerged
• GLACIERS

  • involves water
  • Causes/makes breakage of glaciers and the water brings the sediments
• GRAVITY

  • Heavier sediments are brought below
  • Lighter sediments are easier to bring with running water