Macronutrients

• What does "grow" mean in this context?

  Big or large scale
• What is the focus of the discussion in this material?

  Nutrition and macronutrients
• What are the three macronutrients mentioned?

  Carbohydrates, fats, proteins
• What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the body?

  Energy provision
• What is the preferred energy source for every cell in the human body?

  Glucose
• Why are carbohydrates particularly important for higher intensity exercise?

  They provide quick energy
• How are carbohydrates stored in the body?

  As glycogen
• Where is most glycogen stored in the body?

  In the liver
• What happens to glucose during aerobic exercise?

  It converts to water, carbon dioxide, and energy
• What is the outcome of glucose during anaerobic exercise?

  It converts to lactic acid and energy
• What are fats also known as?

  Lipids
• What type of activity do fats primarily provide energy for?

  Low intensity activity
• Why do fats take longer to process?

  They require more time for oxidation
• What is subcutaneous fat?


  Fat stored under the skin
• What is the role of subcutaneous fat?

  Insulation and thermoregulation
• What is the alternative fuel source for the aerobic system?

  Lipids
• What are proteins made of?

  Amino acids
• What is the function of proteins in the body?

  Muscle growth and repair
• How much protein is recommended post-exercise for muscle repair?

  About 30 grams
• What are peptide bonds?

  Bonds between amino acids
• Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

  In the ribosomes
• What are the roles of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in nutrition?

  • Carbohydrates: Energy provision, stored as glycogen
  • Fats: Energy for low intensity, insulation
  • Proteins: Muscle growth, repair, and synthesis
• What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic exercise in terms of energy sources?

  • Aerobic: Uses glucose with oxygen, produces water and CO2
  • Anaerobic: Uses glucose without sufficient oxygen, produces lactic acid
• What is the process of digestion for proteins?

  1. Proteins are broken down by proteases in the stomach.
  2. Amino acids are absorbed in the small intestine.
  3. Amino acids are reconstructed into human proteins.