active vs passive

• What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

  Active immunity involves immune response; passive does not
• What is an example of active immunity?

  Natural infection
• What is an example of passive immunity?

  Maternal antibodies
• What are the types of active immunity?

  • Natural active immunity (natural infection)
  • Artificial active immunity (vaccination)
• What are the types of passive immunity?

  • Natural passive immunity (maternal antibodies)
  • Artificial passive immunity (monoclonal antibodies)
• What happens during active immunity?

  Immune response occurs, antibodies are produced
• What is the role of memory cells in active immunity?

  They provide long-term protection
• What is the difference in antibody production between active and passive immunity?

  Active immunity produces antibodies; passive does not
• How does artificial active immunity occur?

  Through vaccination with dead or weakened pathogens
• What is the purpose of vaccination in artificial active immunity?

  To produce long-term memory cells
• How does natural passive immunity occur?

  Through antibody transfer from mother to fetus
• What is the significance of breast milk in natural passive immunity?

  It provides antibodies to the newborn
• What is the window of susceptibility in natural passive immunity?

  Period when the baby is vulnerable to infections
• What happens after the baby develops its immune system?

  Baby starts making its own antibodies
• What are the key features of monoclonal antibodies in passive immunity?

  • Antibodies are donated
  • No immune response occurs
  • No memory cells are made
  • No long-term protection