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Neuronal Communication
Synapses
Cholinergic Synapse
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Cholinergic Synapse
Use
acetylcholine
(
Ach
) as their neurotransmitter
Action potential transmitted to presynaptic neurone end
Depolarisation causes
Ca2+
voltage gated channels to open + ions diffuse to synaptic bulb
Ca2+ ions stimulate
synaptic vesicles
(~
10,000
acetylcholine) to move to presynaptic membrane
Vesicles fuse w/ membrane + release Ach to synaptic cleft, by
exocytosis
Diffuse over synaptic cleft + bind to receptor sites on
Na+
channel proteins in
postsynaptic membrane
Before binding, postsynaptic membrane polarised
Ach binds to receptor sites, Na+ channels open + Na+ diffuse to postsynaptic neurone
Na+ influx depolarises postsynaptic, generator potential
Ach leaves ion channels, enters
acetylcholinesterase
enzyme active sites, into ethanoic acid + choline; stimulation is brief
Choline molecules re-enter presynaptic + re-synthesised by
ATP
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