Skeletal System

• What are the functions of the skeletal system?

  • Shape and support
  • Movement
  • Protection
  • Blood cell production
  • Mineral storage
• How many bones are in the adult skeleton?

  206 bones
• What role do ligaments play in the skeletal system?

  They hold bones in place at joints
• What is the function of tendons in the skeletal system?

  They attach muscles to bones across joints
• How does the skeletal system contribute to movement?

  It provides stability and allows movement
• How does size and shape influence athletic performance?

  It can significantly influence performance potential
• What type of joints allow a wide range of movements?

  Freely movable or synovial joints
• What vital organs does the skeleton protect?

  Heart, lungs, and brain
• What additional protection is needed in certain sports?

  Hard helmets and body protection
• How many red blood cells does the body produce per second?

  About two million
• What is the function of red blood cells?

  They carry oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
• What do bones store in the body?

  Calcium, phosphorus, and iron
• What are the parts of a synovial joint?

  • Synovial capsule
  • Synovial membrane
  • Synovial fluid
  • Bursae
  • Cartilage
  • Ligaments
  • Tendons
• What is the role of the synovial membrane?

  It produces synovial fluid
• What does synovial fluid do?

  Lubricates and nourishes the cartilage
• What are bursae in synovial joints?

  Fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction
• What is the function of cartilage in joints?

  Provides a smooth surface and cushioning
• What do ligaments do in a synovial joint?

  Provide stability and prevent dislocation
• What is the role of tendons in the skeletal system?

  Attach muscles to bones
• What are the six types of synovial joints?

  1. Ball and socket
  2. Condyloid
  3. Saddle
  4. Pivot
  5. Hinge
  6. Plane/gliding
• What is abduction in joint movement?

  Movement away from the mid-line
• What is flexion in joint movement?

  Bending the limbs at a joint
• What is circumduction in joint movement?

  A circular movement around a fixed point
• What is rotation in joint movement?

  Movement around a single long axis
• What is dorsiflexion?

  Movement where toes are closer to the shin
• What is plantar flexion?

  Movement where the sole is closer to the back of the leg
• What are the classifications of synovial joints and their movements?

  • Ball and socket: Abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction
  • Condyloid: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction
  • Saddle: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction
  • Pivot: Rotation
  • Hinge: Flexion, extension
  • Plane/gliding: Sliding or gliding movement
• What happens to bones with regular weight-bearing activity?

  They become stronger and denser
• How does cartilage change with regular exercise?

  It becomes thicker and provides more cushioning
• What happens to tendons with regular strength training?

  They become thicker and stronger
• What are the long-term effects of exercise on the skeletal system?


  • Increased bone strength and density
  • Thicker cartilage for protection
  • Stronger tendons for greater force resistance