Humanistic

• What do most psychologists pride themselves on?

  Calling themselves scientists
• How do cognitive and social learning theorists conduct experiments?

  They conduct carefully controlled experiments
• What do humanists reject about psychology?

  The idea that psychology can be studied scientifically
• What do humanists believe about psychological explanations?

  They tend to be simplistic
• What do humanists believe is the only valid explanation for behavior?

  One that includes all influencing factors
• Why do humanists argue against the scientific method?

  Humans are too complex to study scientifically
• What does science assume about behaviors?

  They have identifiable causes
• How do humanists view free will?

  People can consciously decide their behaviors
• What do humanists disagree with regarding other psychological approaches?

  Reductionist simplified explanations of behavior
• What might a biological psychologist argue about aggression?

  It has a genetic origin
• What does psychodynamics attribute aggression to?

  An unconscious drive
• What is a holistic explanation of behavior according to humanists?

  It includes multiple interacting factors
• Why can't humanists conduct scientific research?

  Too many variables to control
• What is a criticism of humanistic psychology regarding empirical evidence?

  It lacks empirical evidence for claims
• What is self-actualization in humanistic psychology?

  Reaching one's full potential
• What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs visualize?

  Conditions needed for self-actualization
• What is the first need in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Physiological needs
• What is the second concern for the father in a refugee camp?

  Safety of the camp
• What does the father seek after ensuring safety?

  Love and belongingness
• How does the father contribute to the community?

  By running the local bakery
• What is required for someone to achieve self-actualization?

  All aspects of the hierarchy must be present
• What does Carl Rogers say is necessary for self-actualization?

  Being congruent
• What happens if there is a gap between ideal self and perceived self?

  The person is incongruent
• How can someone become congruent?

  Aspire to a realistic ideal self
• What is unconditional positive regard?

  Accepting someone for who they are
• What is the focus of client-centered therapy?

  Helping clients become congruent
• What is a criticism of the humanistic approach regarding cultural bias?

  It reflects a western individualistic perspective
• How has Maslow's hierarchy of needs been applied outside psychology?

  In business, sport, and education
• What do biological and behavior psychologists argue about free will?

  It may be an illusion
• What is the aim of client-centered therapy?

  To support clients in finding solutions
• What is a potential issue with humanistic psychology's view on self-actualization?

  It may judge collectivist cultures as inferior
• What is the focus of humanistic psychology?

  How humans can perform at their best
• What are the defining features of humanistic psychology?

  • Rejects scientific methods
  • Emphasizes holistic explanations
  • Focuses on self-actualization
  • Values individual experiences
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach?

  Strengths:

  • Holistic view of behavior
  • Focus on personal growth

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Lack of empirical evidence
  • Potential cultural bias
• How does Maslow's hierarchy of needs function in real-life scenarios?

  • Needs must be satisfied in order:

  1. Physiological
  2. Safety
  3. Love and belongingness
  4. Esteem
  5. Self-actualization
• What is the role of the therapist in client-centered therapy?

  • Support clients in finding solutions
  • Provide unconditional positive regard
  • Focus on present and future
• the humanistic approach focuses on the unique experiences of each individual driven by urge to ascend the hierarchy of needs
• The humanistic approach explains mental disorders as a lack of congruence between real and ideal self - claims individuals develop conditions of worth as a result of positive regard from others
• rogers 1959 claimed problems came from conditions of worth and the conditional positive regard they receive from other people and with counselling (empathy) people can solve their own problems in constructive ways. The therapist is a guide and expresses acceptance and understanding