How the Electric Motor Works

• What concept explains the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field?

  The motor effect
• What determines the direction of the force on a wire in a magnetic field?

  The directions of the magnetic field and current
• How can we determine the direction of force on a wire?

  Using Fleming's left-hand rule
• What happens to the force direction if the current direction is reversed?

  The force direction also reverses
• What happens when two wires are connected at the far end in a coil setup?

  The coil experiences opposing forces on each side
• What direction will the coil spin if the left side experiences an upward force?

  Clockwise
• What occurs when the coil is rotated by 180 degrees?

  The current direction in the coil reverses
• What happens to the forces acting on the coil after a 180-degree rotation?

  The forces swap direction on each side
• Why would the coil keep flipping back and forth without intervention?

  Forces keep swapping directions
• What device is used to change the direction of current every half turn?

  A split ring commutator
• What is the function of the split ring commutator in a motor?

  It swaps positive and negative connections
• How does the split ring commutator affect the coil's rotation direction?

  It ensures consistent rotation direction
• What happens when the positive terminal is connected to one side of the commutator?

  The coil experiences clockwise forces
• What types of devices commonly use electric motors?

  Fans, vehicles, and hard drives
• What is the principle behind creating spinning motion using electricity?

  Using the interaction of current and magnetic fields
• How can the speed of motor rotations be increased?

  By increasing current, adding turns, or using stronger magnets
• What are the methods to increase the speed of electric motor rotations?

  • Increase the current passing through the wire
  • Add more turns to the coil
  • Increase the magnetic flux density with stronger magnets