Photosynthesis

• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  Endothermic reaction
• What is transferred to chloroplasts during photosynthesis?

  Energy from the environment by light
• What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What are the products of photosynthesis?

  Glucose and oxygen
• What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
• What are the four uses of glucose in plants?

  1. Respiration - energy transfer
  2. Strengthening cell walls - converted to cellulose
  3. Protein synthesis - forms amino acids
  4. Energy storage - turned into lipids or starch
• How is glucose used in respiration?

  Energy is transferred from glucose
• What is glucose converted into for strengthening cell walls?

  Cellulose
• What do glucose and nitrate ions form in plants?

  Amino acids
• What is glucose turned into for energy storage?

  Lipids or insoluble starch
• What factors increase the rate of photosynthesis?

  1. Light intensity
  2. Temperature
  3. CO₂ concentration
  4. Amount of chlorophyll
• What can become the limiting factor in photosynthesis?

  1. Light intensity
  2. Temperature
  3. CO₂ concentration
  4. Amount of chlorophyll
• What happens to photosynthesis if CO₂ concentration is limiting?

  Photosynthesis cannot happen faster
• What effect do high temperatures have on photosynthesis?

  They damage enzymes involved
• What does the inverse square law state about light intensity?

  • Light intensity is inversely proportional to distance squared
  • Doubling distance reduces intensity by four times
• How can greenhouses help with photosynthesis?

  By controlling limiting factors
• What are some methods used in greenhouses to maximize photosynthesis?

  • Ventilation
  • Shades
  • Heaters (for CO₂)
  • Lamps