humanistic

• What is a key assumption of humanistic psychology regarding human beings?

  Humans have free will and are autonomous
• How does humanistic psychology view mental and social problems?

  As deviations from natural goodness
• Why is the scientific method considered inappropriate for studying humans in humanistic psychology?

  It cannot capture subjective human experiences
• What innate drive do organisms have according to humanistic psychology?

  Drive for growth and self-actualization
• What does humanistic psychology promote regarding the view of a person?

  A holistic view, rejecting reductionist approaches
• How do subjective perceptions of self impact mental health?

  They affect self-actualization and mental health
• What type of therapy allows humans to resolve their own conflicts?

  Client-centered, non-directed therapy
• What is central to humanistic psychology in contrast to previous approaches?

  Free will
• What do humanistic psychologists argue about people's behavior?

  People are autonomous and capable of change
• What do humanistic psychologists acknowledge despite advocating for autonomy?

  Social, biological, and moral restrictions
• What percentage of individuals are suggested to achieve self-actualization?

  1-5%
• What does self-actualization reflect according to humanistic psychology?

  Desires and aspirations of each individual
• What is the term for the innate drive towards growth in Rogers' theory?

  Actualizing tendency
• What did Rogers observe about the drive to grow?

  It persists even in poor circumstances
• What does Maslow's theory emphasize about human striving?

  It aims for full human potential and self-actualization
• How many people did Maslow estimate achieve self-actualization?

  2%
• What must be satisfied before self-actualization can occur?

  More essential needs in the hierarchy
• What are the levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

  1. Physiological needs (food, water, sleep)
  2. Safety and security needs
  3. Love and belonging needs
  4. Esteem needs
  5. Self-actualization
• What happens if basic needs are not met according to Maslow?

  Self-actualization becomes difficult
• How does self-esteem relate to the ideal self?

  Higher self-esteem correlates with a closer ideal self
• What is self-image in humanistic psychology?

  Subjective experience of how one perceives oneself
• What is the ideal self?

  Subjective perception of who one strives to become
• What is congruence in humanistic psychology?

  Harmony between self-image and ideal self
• What is incongruence?

  Little harmony between self-image and ideal self
• What are conditions of worth?

  Criteria perceived necessary for self-worth
• What is unconditional positive regard?

  Acceptance without conditions from others
• What is conditional positive regard?

  Acceptance based on meeting certain conditions
• What did Rogers argue about psychological problems?

  They result from conditions of worth
• What is the role of the therapist in client-centered therapy?

  Guide and facilitate the client's self-discovery
• How does client-centered therapy view the client?

  As an equal partner in the therapeutic process
• What is the aim of client-centered therapy?

  To help clients achieve congruence and authenticity
• What does the therapist provide in client-centered therapy?

  Unconditional positive regard and empathy
• What is the outcome of increased congruence in therapy?

  Higher self-esteem and improved mental health
• What are the practical applications of humanistic psychology?

  • Client-centered therapy
  • Empowering clients to lead sessions
  • Application in education and workplace
  • Influences on positive psychology
• What did Elliot's research show about humanistic therapies?

  They significantly improve clients' conditions
• How has Maslow's theory been applied outside psychology?

  In education and workplace practices
• What is a positive contribution of humanistic psychology?

  It views humans as inherently good
• How does humanistic psychology differ from psychodynamic views?

  It emphasizes free will over past conflicts
• What does humanism advocate regarding responsibility?

  It shifts focus to individual responsibility
• What did Coppersmith's study reveal about self-esteem?

  High self-esteem leads to academic success