glycolysis

• 1. phosphorylation of glucose 


  • ATP hydrolysed making ADP and Pi. Pi added to glucose to make hexose monophosphate
  • another ATP hydrolysed. Pi added to glucose to make hexose biphosphate
  • One phosphate group at C1 and another at C6
  • energy from hydrolysed ATP activates the hexose and prevents it leaving the cell
• 2. splitting the hexose biphosphate

  • hexose biphosphate splits into 2 3C molecules called triose phosphate, each with a phosphate attached
• 3. oxidation of triose phosphate to pyruvate

  • anaerobic
  • oxidation because atoms removed from triose phosphate using dehydrogenase enzymes and coenzyme NAD
  • 2 NADs accept hydrogen atoms and become reduced
  • 4 molecules of ATP made
• glycolysis produces 2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 molecules of ATP (net) and 2 molecules of reduced NAD