20.1 Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases

• A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor
• A Bronsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor
• An acid dissociates, releasing a H+ ion and leaving a negative ion
• A conjugate acid-base pair contains two species that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton
• An acid-base equilibrium involves two acid-base pairs
• In acid-base equilibrium, the acid in the reactants is labelled as acid 1, and the base in the reactants is labelled as base 2
• Monobasic, dibasic and tribasic refer to the number of protons in an acid that can be replaced in an acid-base reaction
• Dilute acids undergo redox reactions with some metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas
• Acids react with bases to form water in a neutralisation reaction
• Carbonates are bases that neutralise acids to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide
• An acid is neutralised by a solid metal oxide or hydroxide to form a salt and water