Multi-store model

• Draw the Multi-store model.

  MSM

  
• Who proposed the Multi-store model of memory?

  Atkinson & Shriffin (1968, 1971)
• Explain the Sensory Register and its purpose.

  The sensory register takes in information from the environment (stimuli) and 'sorts' it into several registers - or sensory stores - There is a store for each of the 5 senses.

  Iconic memory = Visual

  Echoic memory = Sounds

  ATTENTION IS THE KEY PROCCESS FOR STORING ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI
• Explain Short - Term Memory.

  STM is coded mainly acoustically, information in the STM lasts approx 18 seconds before it is lost (unless rehearsed)

  It has limited capacity, between 5 and 9 items (7+/-2)
• Explain Long - Term Memory.

  LTM is coded mainly semantically, and the information could last to a lifetime. We can support this view through Bahrick et al's 1975 study on high - school graduates.

  The capacity of the LTM is also thought to be unlimited, however we can be subjected to retrieval failure when transferring items into the STM to be used.
• Strengths of the Multi-Store Model.

  Study support showing the differences of the STM and LTM.

  Baddeley (1966) found that we mix up words that are acoustically similar when using STM, and we mix up words that are semantically similar when using LTM.

  Jacobs (1887) Different capacities in the two different memory stores

  Peterson & Peterson (1959) Duration of STM

  Bahrick et al (1975) Duration of LTM.
• Limitations of the Multi-Store Model.

  More than one STM store.

  Shallice & Warrington (1970) studied a client (KF) who had amnesia. His STM for digits was poor when read aloud to him, but was much better when he read them to himself. This shows there could be another store for non-verbal sounds.

  Prolonged rehearsal is not needed for long-term storage.

  Craik & Watkins (1973) found that type of rehearsal is more important than the amount.