Streptococcus pneumoniae

Cards (34)

  • What does the new mower symbolize in the scene?
    It represents streptococcus pneumoniae
  • What color represents gram-positive organisms?
    Purple
  • What shape do streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria have?
    They are circular or cocci shaped
  • How do streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria arrange themselves?
    They form long continuous chains
  • What does alfalfa represent in the scene?
    It symbolizes alpha hemolytic properties
  • What is the appearance of alpha hemolysis?
    Green zone of partial hemolysis
  • What does the character with the sensitive chin represent?
    It represents optochin sensitivity
  • What indicates optochin sensitivity in streptococcus pneumoniae?
    Large zone of clearing around the disc
  • What do the lances on the mower symbolize?
    They represent the lancet-shaped diplococci appearance
  • What does the trident symbolize in the scene?
    It represents the drug ceftriaxone
  • What is ceftriaxone used for?
    It is used to treat streptococcus pneumoniae
  • What does the scarecrow symbolize?
    It represents macrolides
  • What is the quelling reaction?
    It is when antibodies bind to the capsule
  • How many strains of streptococcus pneumoniae have been discovered?
    Over 90 strains
  • What does the sac of apples symbolize?
    It represents the polysaccharide capsule
  • What is the vaccine against streptococcus pneumoniae directed against?
    The polysaccharide capsule
  • What are the two pneumococcal vaccines in the United States?
    23 serotypes and 13 serotypes vaccines
  • What does the spilled green juice symbolize?
    It symbolizes bile
  • What does bile solubility indicate about streptococcus pneumoniae?
    It indicates that it is bile soluble
  • What mnemonic is used to remember the common complications caused by streptococcus pneumoniae?
    MOP mnemonic
    M - meningitis in adults
    O - Otitis media in children
    P - Pneumonia
    S - Sinusitis in adults
  • What is a classic finding of otitis media?
    Bulging and red tympanic membrane
  • Why are sickle cell patients at risk for severe infections?
    They are asplenic and can't clear encapsulated organisms
  • What does the sickle symbolize in the scene?
    It represents sepsis in sickle cell disease
  • What do the scissors symbolize in the scene?
    They represent IgA protease
  • What is the function of IgA protease?
    It cleaves IgA to evade immune response
  • What bacterial structure does the vaccine against streptococcus pneumoniae target?
    The polysaccharide capsule
  • What are common clinical features of meningitis?
    Fever, nuchal rigidity, altered mental status
  • What does the CSF Gram stain reveal in the case study of a patient infected with streptococcus pneumoniae?
    Gram positive lancet-shaped diplococci
  • What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults?
    Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • How can the quelling reaction be useful in clinical settings?
    It helps in serotyping the capsule
  • What are the key characteristics of streptococcus pneumoniae?
    • Gram positive
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • Lancet-shaped diplococci
    • Optochin sensitive
    • Produces IgA protease
    • Has a polysaccharide capsule
  • What are the treatment options for streptococcus pneumoniae infections?
    • Ceftriaxone
    • Macrolides
  • What are the common diseases caused by streptococcus pneumoniae?
    • Meningitis
    • Otitis media
    • Community-acquired pneumonia
    • Sinusitis
  • What is the significance of the polysaccharide capsule in streptococcus pneumoniae?
    • It helps in evading the immune response
    • It is the target for vaccines
    • It is important for serotyping