C10: using resources

• | finite & renewable resources

  natural resources

  • form without human input
  • some can be replaced by synthetic products
  • agriculture provides conditions where natural resources can be enhanced for our needs
• | finite & renewable resources

  natural resources

  • renewable resources reform @ a similar rate to its usage
  • finite resources arent formed quickly

  > finite resources inc fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, minerals & metals in ores

  • after extraction, many finite resources undergo man-made processes to provide fuels and materials needed for us
• | finite & renewable resources

  extracting finite resources

  • many modern materials ate made from raw, finite resources
  • people have to balance the social, economic & environmental effects of extracting finite resources, eg:

  + mining metal ores is GOOD bc useful products can be made; provides people with jobs & money in the area

  – mining ores is bad for the environment as it uses lots of energy, scars the landscape, produces lots of waste & destroys habitats
• the difference between a finite and renewable resource?

  finite resources like crude oil take longer to replenish whilst renewable resources like timber can be replaced in a short time scale
• why is extracting finite resources good?

  provides jobs and money into the area
• why is extracting finite resources bad?

  bad for the environment as lots of energy is used
• | reuse & recycling

  sustainability

  • sustainable development: development that takes account of needs of present without damaging the future
  • like using resources, extracting can be unsustainable due to the amt of energy & waste produced_ processing the resources into useful materials (eg glass) is unsustainable as processes often use energy from finite resources
  • REDUCE use of finite resources = people use less; reduces anything needed to produce it
  • we cant stop using finite resources but chemists can develop & adapt processes that use lower amounts of finite resources
• | reuse & recycling

  copper

  copper is finite; to improve sustainability is by extracting from low-grade ores (ores without much copper)
• | reuse & recycling

  copper

  • bioleaching: bacteria used to convert copper compounds in ore to soluble copper compounds, separating copper from ore. leachate (solution made from bioleaching) has copper ions which can be extracted by electrolysis
• | reuse & recyclic

  copper

  • PHYTOMINING: growing PLANTS in SOIL w/ COPPER_ plant CANT USE copper so it BUILDS UP in LEAVES_ plants can be HARVESTED, DRIED & BURNED in a furnace_ ash has SOLUBLE COPPER COMPOUNDS which can be extracted by ELECTROLYSIS or DISPLACEMENT w/ scrap IRON
• | reuse & recycling

  copper

  TRADITIONAL METHODS of copper mining DAMAGE the ENVIRONMENT; new methods have a SMALLER IMPACT but the disadvantage is that they are SLOW
• what is wrong with using traditional methods to extract copper?

  they damage environment
• what is wrong with new methods of extracting copper?

  they are slow
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling metals

  • MINING & EXTRACTING takes lots of ENERGY; most comes from BURNING FOSSIL FUELS
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling metals

  • recycling metals uses LESS ENERGY; CONSERVES the finite amt of metal in the earth, cutting WASTE sent to LANDFILLS
• | reuse & recycling

  how 2 recycle metals

  • metals are recycled by MELTING them and CASTING them into the shape of the new product
  • depending on what it will be used for after recycling, the amt of SEPARATION required can chance
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling metals

  • recycling is a way to reduce our need for copper rich ores
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling metals

  • a BLAST FURNACE is used to extract IRON from its ore @ a HIGH TEMPERATURE using CARBON
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling glass

  GLASS RECYCLING can help SUSTAINABILITY by reducing amount of energy needed to make NEW glass products & the amt of WASTE created when used glass is thrown away
• | reuse & recycling

  recycling glass

  • GLASS BOTTLES often can be REUSED w/o reshaping
  • other forms of glasses cant be reused so they’re RECYCLING_ usually, glass is separated by COLOUR & CHEMICAL COMPOSITION before recycled
  • glass is CRUSHED & MELTED to be reshaped for use like BOTTLES
  • might also be used for a different purpose like INSULATING glass wool for wall insulation @ homes
• why is recycling metals good?

  often uses LESS ENERGY than what’s needed to extract; CONSERVES the finite amount of metal and cuts down WASTE sent to landfill
• how are metals recycled?

  MELTING & CASTING them into the shape of the new product
• what determines the amount of SEPERATION required for recyclable metals

  what metal will be used for after recycling
• what’s a blast furnace used for

  extract iron from ore at a high temperature using carbon