The Atmosphere

Cards (24)

  • What is the main gas in the atmosphere today?
    Nitrogen
  • What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen?
    21%
  • What are the small proportions of other gases in the atmosphere?
    Carbon dioxide, water vapor, noble gases
  • How long have the gases in the atmosphere remained constant?
    Around 200 million years
  • How old is the Earth?
    4,600 million years
  • What caused the early atmosphere to form?
    Intense volcanic activity
  • What gas was released by volcanoes that contributed to the early atmosphere?
    Water vapor
  • What happened to water vapor as the Earth cooled?
    It condensed to form oceans
  • What was the main composition of the early atmosphere?
    Mainly carbon dioxide with little oxygen
  • How does the early atmosphere compare to Mars and Venus today?
    Similar in composition, mainly carbon dioxide
  • What other gases did volcanoes release besides carbon dioxide?
    Nitrogen, methane, and ammonia
  • What were the two main differences between the early atmosphere and today’s atmosphere?
    High carbon dioxide and low oxygen levels
  • What happened to carbon dioxide as oceans formed?
    It dissolved and formed weak acid
  • What did the weak acid formed from carbon dioxide react with?
    Minerals in the sea
  • What did the reaction of carbon dioxide with minerals form?
    Precipitates and carbonate rock sediments
  • How did corals and shells contribute to carbon dioxide levels?
    They used carbon dioxide to form limestone
  • What significant event occurred around 2.7 billion years ago?
    Photosynthetic algae evolved
  • What process produced oxygen in the early atmosphere?
    Photosynthesis
  • What did photosynthesis take in besides producing oxygen?
    Carbon dioxide
  • What happened to carbon during photosynthesis?
    It was trapped in fossil fuels
  • What are the key changes in the atmosphere from early to present?
    • Early atmosphere: high carbon dioxide, low oxygen
    • Present atmosphere: low carbon dioxide, 21% oxygen
    • Formation of oceans and sedimentary rocks
    • Evolution of photosynthetic organisms
  • What is the equation of photosynthesis?
    • Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
  • How are fossil fuels formed?
    • From the remains of dead organisms
    • Over millions of years under heat and pressure
  • Where can students find questions on the atmosphere?
    • In the vision workbook linked in the video