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Paper 2
Topic 9:Chemistry of the Atmosphere
The Atmosphere
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Cards (24)
What is the main gas in the atmosphere today?
Nitrogen
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What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen?
21%
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What are the small proportions of other gases in the atmosphere?
Carbon dioxide
,
water vapor
, noble gases
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How long have the gases in the atmosphere remained constant?
Around
200 million
years
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How old is the Earth?
4,600 million
years
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What caused the early atmosphere to form?
Intense
volcanic
activity
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What gas was released by volcanoes that contributed to the early atmosphere?
Water vapor
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What happened to water vapor as the Earth cooled?
It
condensed
to form
oceans
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What was the main composition of the early atmosphere?
Mainly
carbon dioxide
with little
oxygen
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How does the early atmosphere compare to Mars and Venus today?
Similar in composition, mainly
carbon dioxide
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What other gases did volcanoes release besides carbon dioxide?
Nitrogen
,
methane
, and
ammonia
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What were the two main differences between the early atmosphere and today’s atmosphere?
High
carbon dioxide
and low
oxygen
levels
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What happened to carbon dioxide as oceans formed?
It dissolved and formed
weak acid
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What did the weak acid formed from carbon dioxide react with?
Minerals
in the sea
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What did the reaction of carbon dioxide with minerals form?
Precipitates
and carbonate rock sediments
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How did corals and shells contribute to carbon dioxide levels?
They used carbon dioxide to form
limestone
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What significant event occurred around 2.7 billion years ago?
Photosynthetic algae
evolved
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What process produced oxygen in the early atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
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What did photosynthesis take in besides producing oxygen?
Carbon dioxide
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What happened to carbon during photosynthesis?
It was trapped in
fossil fuels
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What are the key changes in the atmosphere from early to present?
Early atmosphere: high
carbon dioxide
, low
oxygen
Present atmosphere: low carbon dioxide, 21% oxygen
Formation of
oceans
and
sedimentary rocks
Evolution of
photosynthetic organisms
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What is the equation of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
+ Water →
Glucose
+ Oxygen
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How are fossil fuels formed?
From the
remains
of dead organisms
Over
millions
of years under heat and pressure
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Where can students find questions on the atmosphere?
In the vision
workbook
linked in the video
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