Successive Ionisation Energies

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  Factors that affect ionization energy
• What do successive ionization energies indicate?

  How electrons are arranged in atoms
• What is the definition of first ionization energy?

  Energy to remove one mole of electrons
• What forms when one mole of electrons is removed from one mole of atoms?

  One mole of one plus ions
• What are successive ionization energies?

  Ionization energies measured after removing electrons
• What is the relationship between atomic radius and ionization energy?

  Greater atomic radius decreases ionization energy
• How does the charge on the nucleus affect ionization energy?

  More protons increase attraction, raising ionization energy
• What is the shielding effect?

  Inner shell electrons reduce attraction for outer electrons
• What happens to ionization energy as electrons are removed from an atom?

  It gradually increases until a massive jump occurs
• Why is there a massive increase in ionization energy when removing the seventh electron from oxygen?

  The seventh electron is from a closer shell
• How does shielding affect the attraction of electrons to the nucleus?

  More shielding reduces attraction to the nucleus
• How can you identify an element using ionization energy data?

  By analyzing the pattern of ionization energies
• What does a gradual increase in ionization energy indicate about an element's outer shell electrons?

  It indicates the number of outer shell electrons
• Which element in Period 3 has four electrons in its outer shell?

  Silicon
• What does a massive increase in ionization energy after the fourth ionization indicate?

  The fifth electron is from an inner shell
• What group is silicon located in on the periodic table?

  Group four
• What are the three factors that affect ionization energy?

  • Atomic radius
  • Charge on the nucleus
  • Shielding effect
• What do the first six ionization energies of an element reveal?

  • Gradual increase indicates outer shell electrons
  • Massive increase indicates removal from inner shell
• What is the significance of the first ionization energy definition?

  • Energy needed to remove one mole of electrons
  • From one mole of gaseous atoms
  • To form one mole of one plus ions