L3.2.2: Type 2 (NIDDM)

• Type II Diabetes (NIDDM)

  ● Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  ○ The pancreas makes less insulin than used to and your body becomes resistant to insulin.

  ○ Evident insulin resistance of the body.

  ○ Acquired

  ○ There is an impairment of the reception on the outside of cells so the cells do not recognize insulin.
• Type II Diabetes (NIDDM) ● Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  ○ The pancreas usually makes insulin, but hyperglycemia either results from:

  1. Insufficient amount of insulin-hyposecretion that leads to:

  2. Insulin Resistance

  ● The inability of cells to use insulin hormone, which inhibits the cell’s capability to absorb and then use glucose in metabolic processes.
• Type II Diabetes (NIDDM)

  ● Gangrene

  ○ A dangerous and potentially fatal condition that happens when the blood flow to a large area of tissue is cut off. This causes the tissue to break down and die. Gangrene often turns the affected skin a greenish-black color. (JHM)

  ○ Common to those with diabetes.

  ■ Since glucose thickens the blood, it doesn’t reach some parts of the body, which causes the breakdown of tissue.
• Type II Diabetes (NIDDM)

  ● Factors

  ○ Family History

  ○ Unhealthy Lifestyle

  ■ Overweight

  ■ Sedentary lifestyle

  ■ Hypertension (HPN)

  ○ Specific Levels of Substances

  ■ HDL Cholesterol (good cholesterol)

  ● <35 mg/dl (0.90 mmol/L)

  ■ Triglyceride Level

  ● >250 mg/dl
• Type II Diabetes (NIDDM) ● Treatment for Type II Diabetes

  ○ Insulin Shots

  ○ Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (i.e., metformin)