Multi-store model

• What is the Multi-Store Model of memory proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin?

  A linear process of memory storage
• How does information enter the sensory memory?

  Through the 5 senses
• How long is information held in sensory memory?

  No longer than 1 or 2 seconds
• What happens to information if you pay attention to it?

  It enters the short-term memory (STM)
• What is the capacity of short-term memory (STM)?

  7±2 items
• What is the duration of short-term memory (STM)?

  30 seconds
• How is information encoded in short-term memory (STM)?

  Acoustically
• What is maintenance rehearsal in the context of STM?

  Rehearsing information to keep it in STM
• What type of rehearsal transfers information to long-term memory (LTM)?

  Elaborative rehearsal
• What is the capacity of long-term memory (LTM)?

  Unlimited
• How long can information be stored in long-term memory (LTM)?

  For a lifetime
• How is information encoded in long-term memory (LTM)?

  Semantically
• What is the encoding method for sensory memory?

  Via all senses
• What are the features of the Multi-Store Model (Atkinson & Shiffrin)?

  • Linear process of memory
  • Three stores: Sensory, STM, LTM
  • Each store has unique features:
  • Sensory: < 2 seconds, all senses
  • STM: 7±2 items, 30 seconds, acoustic encoding
  • LTM: Unlimited capacity, lifetime storage, semantic encoding
• What does Baddeley's study (1966b) demonstrate about STM and LTM encoding?

  Participants recalled less with similar words
• What does Clive Wearing's case illustrate about memory stores?

  Separate stores for STM and LTM
• How does the Multi-Store Model explain revision techniques?

  Emphasizes rehearsal and semantic meaning
• What type of amnesia does the Multi-Store Model help explain?

  Anterograde amnesia
• What is a criticism of the Multi-Store Model regarding STM?

  It is too simplistic compared to WMM
• Why might lab experiments be a limitation for the Multi-Store Model's findings?

  Findings may not apply to real-world memory
• What does KC's case suggest about long-term memory?

  LTM is more complex than the model suggests
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Multi-Store Model?

  Strengths:

  • Supported by Baddeley's study
  • Explains revision techniques
  • Validates separate memory stores (Clive Wearing)

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Oversimplifies STM (compared to WMM)
  • Lab-based research may lack real-world application
  • Reductionist view of LTM (e.g., KC's case)