What is a constitution?

• What is the definition of a constitution?

  A constitution outlines the rules of the political system
• What does a constitution specify about the government and citizens?

  It specifies power distribution and responsibilities
• What is a codified constitution?

  A single, authoritative written document
• Give an example of a codified constitution.

  The USA constitution
• What is an uncodified constitution?

  Drawn from multiple sources
• Name three countries with uncodified constitutions.

  The UK, Israel, New Zealand
• What are the functions of constitutions?

  1. Distribution of Power
  2. Balance of Power
  3. Political Processes
  4. Limiting Government Power
  5. Citizenship Rules
• What does the distribution of power in a constitution define?

  It defines federal or unitary systems
• What is the balance of power in a constitution?

  Authority between institutions like parliament and judiciary
• What do political processes in a constitution provide?

  A framework for institutional relationships and rules
• How does a constitution limit government power?

  By protecting citizens' rights through a bill of rights
• What is unique about the UK's parliamentary sovereignty?

  No limits on parliamentary competence
• What do citizenship rules in a constitution define?

  How citizenship is governed
• Why must constitutions adapt over time?

  To remain relevant to changing societies
• How can amendments occur in the UK?

  Via statutes, conventions, or official guidance
• What is required for constitutional amendments in France and Ireland?

  Special processes like referenda
• What is a supermajority in the context of constitutional amendments?

  A requirement for certain amendments in the USA
• What are key terms related to constitutions?

  • Constitution: Rules defining sovereignty and relations
  • Codified: A single written document
  • Uncodified: From multiple sources
  • Federal: Shared sovereignty
  • Unitary: Centralized sovereignty
  • Parliamentary Sovereignty: Authority to make laws
  • Conventions: Established traditions guiding practices