Schaffer's stages

• asocial stage- 0-8weeks old, baby’s behaviour between objects and humans are similar, they’re happier in the presence of humans and will simile at anyone
• Indiscriminate stage- 2-7months, babies are able to distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar faces and will simile at more familiar people, They don’t usually show stranger or separation anxiety
• specific attachment stage- 7-12months, primary attachment to 1 individual has formed, starting to show stranger and separation anxiety , uses familiar adults for secure base behaviour
• multiple attachments- 12months onwards, forming secondary attachments with familiar adults which whom they send a lot of time with
• Schaffers stages are based off of a longitudinal study with 60 babies from working class families in Glasgow where mothers were asked to record their babies behaviour
• Schaffers study has high external validity as observations were made by parents, meaning babies would have acted normally as opposed to being distressed when being observed by a researcher - however, mothers could have been biased