KA 5: Transport Systems - Plants

• Label this diagram.

  Section of root tissue

  A) phloem

  B) root hair

  C) xylem

  
• Label this diagram.

  Section of stem tissue.

  A) cortex cells

  B) epidermis

  C) phloem

  D) xylem

  
• Label this diagram.

  Leaf section.

  A) upper epidermis

  B) palisade mesophyll cells

  C) spongy mesophyll cells

  D) lower epidermis

  E) stoma

  F) leaf vein

  G) guard cell

  
• What are the two functions of a plant's transport system?

  Carry water and soluble food
• What do xylem vessels carry in plants?

  Water and minerals from roots to leaves
• What raw material do plants use in photosynthesis?

  Water
• What tissue carries soluble food in plants?

  Phloem tissue
• Where are xylem and phloem tissues found in a root?

  Together in the centre of the structure
• What is a vascular bundle?

  A structure containing xylem and phloem in stems
• Where are vascular bundles located in the stem?

  Round the outside of the stem
• What additional function do xylem vessels provide?

  Support for the plant
• What material reinforces xylem vessel walls?

  Lignin
• What types of cells are found in phloem tissue?

  Sieve tubes and companion cells
• How do sieve tubes transport soluble food?

  Through pores in end cell walls
• How do plant roots take up water?

  By osmosis from the soil
• What is the pathway of water from the soil to xylem vessels?

  Through epidermal and cortex cells
• What do lignified xylem vessels do?

  Carry water up the stem to leaves
• What happens to some water in leaves during photosynthesis?

  It is used by mesophyll cells
• What are stomata?

  Small gaps in the lower epidermis
• What controls the opening and closing of stomata?

  Guard cells
• When are stomata generally open?

  During the day
• What is the upper epidermis of a leaf?

  The outer layer of cells on the top surface
• What is the main site of photosynthesis in a leaf?

  Palisade mesophyll cells
• What characterizes spongy mesophyll cells?

  They are loosely packed with large air spaces
• What do leaf veins consist of?

  Xylem and phloem tissues
• Where are stomata located in a leaf?

  In the lower epidermis
• What is transpiration?

  Loss of water by evaporation through stomata
• What factors affect the rate of transpiration?

  Environmental factors like temperature and humidity
• What device measures the rate of transpiration?

  A potometer
• What does a faster bubble movement in a potometer indicate?

  Greater rate of water uptake
• What does a greater change in mass indicate in relation to transpiration?

  Greater loss of water through transpiration