Nervous Control

• What are the main components of the nervous system?

  Brain, spinal cord, and nerves
• What forms the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What is the role of the spinal cord?

  It sends electrical impulses to and from the brain
• How are electrical impulses carried to and from the CNS?

  By nerve cells (neurons)
• What are sense organs?

  Structures that detect changes in the environment
• Give examples of sense organs.

  Eye and skin
• What are sensory nerve cells (neurons)?

  Nerve cells that carry impulses to the CNS
• What are motor nerve cells (neurons)?

  Nerve cells that carry impulses from the CNS
• What happens to electrical impulses from sensory nerve cells?

  They are processed by the CNS
• How do muscles respond to electrical impulses?

  By contracting
• What is a reflex action?

  A rapid, involuntary response to a stimulus
• Does a reflex action always involve the brain?

  No, it does not always involve the brain
• What is the purpose of reflex actions?

  To provide protection through rapid response
• What is a reflex arc?

  The arrangement of cells in a reflex action
• How do electrical impulses travel in a reflex arc?

  From sensory nerve cells to relay nerve cells
• What do relay nerve cells do in a reflex arc?

  Pass impulses to motor nerve cells
• What causes muscle contraction in a reflex action?

  Electrical impulses from motor nerve cells
• What are neural pathways?

  Many nerve cells linked together
• What are synapses?

  Narrow gaps between neurons on the same pathway
• What happens at the synapse?

  Chemicals trigger impulses in the next neuron
• How do electrical impulses pass along a neural pathway?

  Quickly from neuron to neuron
• What are the three main parts of the brain?

  Cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla
• What does the cerebrum control?

  Conscious thought, memory, and reasoning
• What is the function of the cerebellum?

  Controls balance and coordination
• What does the medulla control?

  Breathing and heart rate
• Label this diagram.

  Reflex arc

  A) Sensory neuron

  B) Inter neuron

  C) spinal chord

  D) Motor neuron

  E) Muscle

  F) receptor

  
• Label this diagram.

  Neural Pathway.

  A) Dendrites

  B) Cell membrane

  C) Synapse

  D) Nucleus

  E) Axon

  
• Label this diagram.

  Parts of the brain.

  A) Medulla

  B) Spinal chord

  C) Cerebellum

  D) Cerebrum

  
•  definition of Motor


  It refers to the direction of transmission, which is from the CNS to muscles or glands to produce a specific action.
• Neuron

  Motor: refers to the direction of transmission, which is from the CNS to muscles or glands to produce a specific action.

  - Neuron: the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.

  - Impulses: changes in the electrical properties of neurons that allow them to transmit signals.

  - CNS: the part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing and integrating information.