National Grid

• What is the national grid?

  A giant network of transformers and wires
• From where is electricity in the UK primarily generated?

  From a range of different sources
• How do power stations generate electricity?

  By converting thermal energy into electrical energy
• What factors influence how much electricity power stations generate?

  Electricity demand
• When does electricity demand typically peak?

  In the late afternoon and evening
• Why do power stations run below maximum output?

  To cope with surges in demand
• What is the equation for power?

  Power = Voltage × Current
• What happens when high current flows through a wire?

  It generates lots of heat due to resistance
• How do we minimize energy loss during transmission?


  By keeping the current low and voltage high
• What do step-up transformers do?

  Increase the voltage to around 400,000 volts
• What is the role of pylons in the national grid?

  To transmit electricity across the country
• Why is it important to lower the voltage before reaching homes?

  High voltages are dangerous and can damage appliances
• What are the main components of the national grid?

  • Transformers
  • Wires
  • Pylons
• How does the national grid manage electricity transmission?

  1. Step-up transformers increase voltage to minimize energy loss.
  2. Electricity is transmitted across the country via wires and pylons.
  3. Step-down transformers reduce voltage to safe levels for homes.