Changing Economic World

• What are the benefits of being on the UN Security Council?

  UK has power around the world

  Decision making voice on conflicts
• What is the UN Security Council?

  The decision making body on security issues for the UN. THe UK is a permanent member.
• How is the UK linked with the EU?

  The UK voted to leave the EU in 2016.

  Impacts:

  • The UK no longer has a decision making voice, but still has to follow many of the regulations to trade with the EU
  • The UK now has opportunities to build trading relationships of their own with countries across the world
• How is the UK linked with the Commonwealth?

  Trade Sport and Cultural links, such as the Commonwealth games

  Economic and Social development - the UK sends advisors to Commonwealth countries to advise on development
• What is the Commonwealth?

  A group of countries, most of which were British Colonies
• What are the UK's transport links?

  Heathrow is an international hub

  Channel Tunnel takes people from UK to France very quickly

  Southampton Cruise Port
• What are the UK's links through economic communication?

  Many submarine cables that allow the internet to communicate around the world go through London
• What are the UK's cultural links?

  TV: Dr Who, Peppa Pig, Bridgerton are watched worldwide

  UK Festivals, like St Paul's in Bristol are influenced by Caribbean culture
• What are the UK's trade links?

  Our main trading partner is the EU.

  Links with China and the USA are growing

  Commonwealth is a new expanding market.
• How can Enterprise Zones help solve regional differences?

  Example: Bristol Temple Quarter Enterprise Zone

  IBM have opened an office

  Aims to create 22000 jobs over 25 years

  300 businesses have opened in the zone
• What is an enterprise zone?

  An area set up by the government to encourage new businesses to open. They get quick broadband and simple planning regulations.
• How effective is the Northern Powerhouse?

  aiming to create 15,000 jobs, but only created 4000
• What is the Northern Powerhouse?

  Government moved offices and staff North

  The BBC moved to MediaCityUK on the Salford Quays in Manchester in 2011.

  2,700 BBC staff are employed at MediaCityUK.
• How does transport solve regional differences?

  more trade coming in and being accessible,

  encourage workers from the south to relocate

  more businesses operate up north given trade is more accessible and a growing market.
• How can transport solve regional differences

  • Transpenine express
  • Liverpool 2 - A port located in the North

  Increased capacity to 1.5 million containers

  Costing £300 million for phase 2

  • HS2 - A train intended to go from London to Manchester and Leeds

  £50 million

  Reduce journey times

  Now cancelled :(
• Why is there a North-South Divide?

  The industrial revolution was centred in the North so deindustrialisation has affected that area more

  The service sector is centred around London
• The North-South Divide

  Real and imagined cultural and economic differences between the South of England and the North of England
• What is our example of improving UK airports?

  Heathrow Airport

  The 3rd airport was considered, costing £18.6billion

  Would have created 77,000 local jobs

  Local people did not support due to noise and air pollution

  Has not been built
• What are the benefits of improving UK airports?

  • Create vital global links
  • Allow people to travel for work and for tourism
  • Create jobs
  • Transport goods
• What is our example of improving UK ports?

  London Gateway Port

  The largest container ships in the world can dock there

  Employs 2000 people, with 6000 people in the logistics park next door for distribution

  Close to London so goods can get to consumers more quickl
• What are the benefits of improving UK ports?

  Increases container capacity!

  Key for moving trade at a large scale around the world. Often raw materials and manufactured goods.
• What is our example of improving UK rail?

  • The TransPennine Express Electrification between Manchester and York
  • The route was notorious for being slow and was often cancelled
  • They are electrifying the route to improve speeds
  • They are adding 45% more seats
  • Free WiFi on the train
• What are the benefits of improving UK rail?

  • Reduces transport costs for businesses - they can move goods more quickly
  • If areas are better connected, it can increase the flow of tourists and investment.
  • For workers, they can access a wider range of jobs
  • Increases the attractiveness of an area to businesses, attracting FDI
• What is our example of a UK road being improved?

  A303 - the road to the South-West

  £2billion road widening project

  Aiming to solve congestion problems

  Create a superhighway with consistent dual carriageway
• What are the benefits of improving UK road infrastructure?

  Reduces transport costs for businesses - they can move goods more quickly

  For workers, they can access a wider range of jobs

  Increases the attractiveness of an area to businesses, attracting FDI
• What are the benefits of improving UK transport infrastructure?

  It enables the movement of goods and people
• What are the economic impacts on the Outer Hebrides?

  Essential services, like ferries and post offices are closing

  The economy is based on sheep farming, which can only provide work for 2 days a week

  The tourism industry cannot grow as there is not enough infrastructure

  Fish farming is limited due to environmental concerns
• Why are the Outer Hebrides shrinking?

  There are limited opportunities due to the remote location. Many young people have left due to the lack of economic opportunities.

  Declined by 50% in the last 100 years

  Declined by 50% in the last 100 years
• What is the area of rural population decline?

  The Outer Hebrides in Scotland
• What are the economic impacts on South Cambridgeshire?

  Commuters do not use facilities in the area, affecting the local economy

  High petrol prices due to demand

  Reduction in primary sector as land is built on
• What are the social impacts on South Cambridgeshire?

  High car ownership is increasing traffic on narrow country roads

  Community spirit is weakened as the area is developed and the demographic changes

  Young people move away as they can't afford the higher house prices

  Pressure on schools and GPs
• Why is South Cambridgeshire growing?

  Eastern Europeans moved due to the area to agricultural employment

  People migrate to the area due to its proximity to London and Cambridge for tertiary and quaternary jobs
• What rural location is experiencing population growth?

  South Cambridgeshire
• What is development?


  Positive change in a country to improve things
• What is the development gap?

  The difference in standard of living between the richest and poorest countries
• What is GNI?


  Gross National Income - total value of goods and services produced in a country.

  GNI per capita - total money per person

  An economic indicator
• What categories are countries put into?

  HIC- High Income Country

  NEE - Newly Emerging Economy

  LIC- Low Income Country
• What is HDI?


  Human Development Index

  Combines Life expectancy, years in education and GNI per capita

  Measured from 0-1

  Combines social and economic measures
• What is quality of life?

  A subjective measure of how good someones life is
• What are some measures of development?

  Birth rate

  How many babies are born per 1000 per year

  Death rate

  How many people die per 1000 per year

  Infant mortality

  How many babies die per 1000 live births per year

  Literacy rate

  The % of adults who can read and write