HEART

• Heart pump blood through the body
• Pulmonary Circulation - the R of the heart pumps blood to the lungs and back to the L of heart through vessels
• Systematic Circulation - the L of the heart pumps blood to all other tissues of the body and and back to the R of heart through vessels of this
• Apex - blunt, round point of heart
• Base - larger, flat part at opposite end of heart
• mediastinum - midline partition
• cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - an emergency procedure that maintains blood flow in the body
• The base of the heart is located just behind the sternum and extends to the space below the 2nd rib, called second intercostal space
• The apex is behind the 5th and 6th ribs at the 5th intercostal space
• Atria - sing
• Ventricles- cavities
• The wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right ventricle
• Left ventricle The pressure increases to approximately 120 mm Hg
• the right ventricle pressure increases approximately 24 mm Hg
• Pericardium cavity formed by pericardium which surrounds the heart and anchor it within the mediastinum
• • FIBROUS PERICARDIUM- OUTER LAYER OF PERICARDIUM
  • SEROUS PERICARDIUM - INNER LAYER OF PERICARDIUM
• PARIETAL PERICARDIUM Lines the fibrous pericardium
• Visceral Pericardium- Covers the heart surface
• Pericardial fluid- produced by the serous pericardium; helps reduce friction as the heart moves
• Right and Left Atria- located at he base of the heart
• Right and Left ventricles- extend from the base of the heart toward apes
• coronary sulcus - extends around the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles
• anterior interventricular sulcus - anterior surface of the hear
• posterior interventricular sulcus- posterior interventricular sulcus
• superior vena cava and inferior vena cava- carries blood from the body to left atrium
• pulmonary trunk- arising from the right ventricle splits into the right and left pulmonary arteries
• pulmonary arteries- carry blood to lungs
• aorta- arising from the left ventricle, carries blood to the rest of the body
• HEART CHAMBERS

  1. right atrium
  2. left atrium
  3. right ventricle
  4. left ventricle
• atria- as reservoirs, where blood returning from the veins collect before it enters the ventricles
• right atrium- receives blood from three major openings: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, the coronary sinus
• superior vena cava and inferior vena cava- drain blood from most of the body
• coronary sinus- drain blood from the muscle of heart
• Left atrium- receives blood through 4 pulmonary veins, which drain blood from the lungs
• interatrial septum- 2 atria separated from each other
• Ventricles- eject blood into the arteries and force it to flow through the circulatory system
• right ventricle- pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
• left ventricle- pumps blood into aorta
• interventricular septum- 2 ventricle separated from each other
• coronary sinus- drain blood from the muscle of heart