Earth and atmosphere science

• What 3 things were released into atmosphere after earth formed?

  Water vapor, carbon dioxide and nitrogen 
• How are oceans formed?

  Water various cooled and condense
• Earth atmosphere then contained

  • Mainly carbon dioxide
  • No oxygen
  • Water vapor
  • Small amounts of gases such as ammonia and methane
• Lots of volcanic eruptions years ago predicts atmosphere then had high percent of carbon dioxide and water vapor(released by volcano)
• Scientis study compound in ancient rocks show we had no oxygen in earlier atmosphere
• Why did animal life evolve 2.7 billion years ago?

  Primitive plants produced oxygen due to photosynthesis which increased oxygen levels
• Water + carbon dioxide

  Oxygen + glucose
• Oxygen test

  1. Place glowing splint in test tube of gas
  2. Oxygen present so split relights
• What decreases as number of plants/algae increase as photosynthesis increase

  Carbon dioxide
• How do fossil fuels reduce co2?

  They are made from dead plants/algae and trap carbon
• How does sedimentary rocks(e.g, limestone) reduce carbon

  Co2 dissolves in ocean forms carbonate which some join toghether and precipitated from water as sedimentary rocks
• Greenhouse effect

  1. Radiation from sun passes atmosphere too Earth's surface
  2. Warms the earth and radiates heat
  3. Greenhouse gases(co2, water vapour and methane) absorb heat radiated from earth stops it travellings into space
  4. Thus releases energy which keeps sun warm
• What human activities increase levels of greenhouse gases into atmosphere ? (Increase surface temp leads to global atmosphere)

  Deforestation and burning fossil fuels, agriculture and rice farming
• Increased temps has big impact

  • Loss of habitat
  • Rising sea levels due to polar caps melting
  • Increase in extreme weather conditions
  • Cause droughts in some areas
  • Has effects on food supplies, health and economy
• Since 1900s fossil fuels burned have increased rapidly increasing concentration of carbon dioxide so global temperature increases so their is a clear correlation
• Measurements of carbon dioxide and tempature vary depending on where there reordered
• Modern technology makes measurement accurate but historical records are less accurate so you can't compare data as it can be misleading
• Scientists studied air trapped in ice cores to get more reliable data on past and gives new evidence about tempature of atmosphere so most scientists agree human activity increases earth temp
• Reduce impact of human activity of climate

  • Use renewable energy source and less fossil fuels
  • Reuse and recycle products
  • Taxing greenhouse emissions
  • Reduce deforestation
  • Carbon capture and storage
  • Plant new Forrest