A01

• Early social interactions between babies and caregivers play an important role in attachment development. Reciprocal interactions, characterised by turn-taking, are integral from birth. Mothers typically respond to their baby's cues around two-thirds of the time, though may vary according to skill and external factors.
• By three months, interactions become more frequent and involve mutual attention to verbal and facial cues. Contrary to traditional views, babies actively engage in interactions, initiating exchanges with caregivers. This dynamic is similar to a dance, where partners respond to each other's cues
• Interactional synchrony, much like synchronised swimming, involves mirroring actions and emotions. Research by Meltzoff and Moore observed synchrony in babies as young as two weeks old mirror distinct facial expression and gestures, indicating its early onset. Interactional synchrony is deemed crucial for attachment formation. Studies have linked high synchrony levels to better quality mother-baby attachment, emphasising its significance in nurturing emotional bonds.