domestic electricity

Cards (39)

  • What is the unit of power used in a domestic setting?
    Kilowatt (kW)
  • How is the amount of electricity used by a device determined?
    By its power and length of use
  • How can kilowatt hours (kWh) be calculated?
    Using the formula E = Pt
  • What does E represent in the formula E = Pt?
    Energy transferred in kilowatt hours
  • What does P represent in the formula E = Pt?
    Power in kilowatts (kW)
  • What does t represent in the formula E = Pt?
    Time in hours (h)
  • How is the cost of electricity calculated?
    By multiplying energy used by unit cost
  • What is the unit cost of electricity?
    Cost per kilowatt hour
  • Where can data for calculating the cost of powering a device be found?
    From direct or secondary information
  • What does energy banding categorize devices by?
    Power rating and efficiency
  • What are the two main types of current used in electrical circuits?
    Alternating current and direct current
  • What is direct current (DC)?
    Current that flows in a single direction
  • What type of current is typically supplied by batteries?
    Direct current (DC)
  • How does the voltage trace appear on an oscilloscope for DC?
    As a single straight line
  • What is alternating current (AC)?
    Current that constantly changes direction
  • What is the voltage and frequency of UK mains supply?
    230 V and 50 Hz
  • How does the voltage trace appear on an oscilloscope for AC?
    As a sinusoidal wave
  • What are fuses and circuit breakers used for?
    To protect electrical circuits and devices
  • What is a fuse?
    A small piece of wire in a glass tube
  • How does a fuse work?
    It melts to break the circuit if current is too large
  • What are the standard ratings for fuses?
    3A, 5A, and 13A
  • What happens if a 5A current flows through a 3A fuse?
    The fuse will melt and break the circuit
  • What must be done once a fuse has melted?
    It must be replaced for the device to work
  • What are circuit breakers?
    Automatic switches that break a circuit during faults
  • What is the function of Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCB)?
    To stop current flow when a fault is detected
  • How do MCBs compare to regular fuses?
    MCBs stop current faster and can be reset
  • What do Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCB) monitor?
    The current in live and neutral wires
  • What happens when an RCCB detects a difference in current?
    It trips and switches off the current
  • What is the purpose of the ring main in domestic settings?
    To link power input to all sockets and switches
  • How are sockets and switches arranged in a ring main?
    In parallel to supply the same voltage
  • What voltage is supplied by the ring main?
    230 V
  • What are the three types of wire in a ring main?
    Live wire, neutral wire, earth wire
  • What color is the live wire?
    Brown
  • What is the function of the neutral wire?
    To complete the electrical circuit
  • What color is the earth wire?
    Green and yellow striped
  • What is the purpose of the earth wire?
    To prevent the appliance from becoming live
  • What can be introduced into the ring main for renewable energy?
    Small scale domestic renewable generators
  • What are the benefits of introducing renewable electricity generators?
    Cost-effective in the long term
  • What is a drawback of installing renewable electricity generators?
    Long payback time for installation