Photosynthesis and respiration

• In which organisms does photosynthesis occur?

  In autotrophic organisms like plants
• What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?

  To convert inorganic compounds into organic compounds
• What process occurs in all living organisms?

  Respiration
• What is respiration?

  It releases energy from organic molecules
• What are the two types of respiration?

  Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• Which coenzyme is used in photosynthesis?

  NADP
• Which coenzyme is used in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  NAD
• What are the key differences between photosynthesis and respiration?

  • Photosynthesis occurs in autotrophic organisms
  • Respiration occurs in all living organisms
  • Photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases energy
  • Photosynthesis converts light energy; respiration converts chemical energy
  • Photosynthesis is anabolic; respiration is catabolic
• What is the equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
• What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose → lactate or ethanol
• How is ATP produced in photosynthesis?

  By photophosphorylation
• How is ATP produced in aerobic respiration?

  By substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation
• How is ATP produced in anaerobic respiration?

  By substrate-level phosphorylation
• Where does photosynthesis occur?

  In chloroplasts
• What is required for photosynthesis to occur?

  Light and carbon dioxide
• Where does aerobic respiration occur?

  In mitochondria
• What is required for aerobic respiration?

  A supply of oxygen
• Where does anaerobic respiration occur?

  In the cytosol/cytoplasm
• What is a key difference in the electron transport chain between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  Aerobic respiration has an electron transport chain
• What are the end products of photosynthesis?

  Oxygen and glucose
• What are the end products of aerobic respiration?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What are the end products of anaerobic respiration?

  Lactate or ethanol
• What is the principle of energy conservation in biological processes?

  Energy is converted from one form to another
• What are the similarities and differences between photosynthesis and respiration?

  Similarities:

  • Both involve energy transformations
  • Both involve coenzymes (NADP and NAD)

  
  

  Differences:

  • Photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases energy
  • Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts; respiration occurs in mitochondria or cytosol
  • Photosynthesis requires light; respiration does not