Metabolism

• What is meant by metabolism?

  The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell
• How does metabolism convert between different molecules?

  It involves various chemical reactions
• What is the role of respiration in metabolism?

  It releases energy from glucose
• What is the definition of metabolism that needs to be learned?

  Sum of all chemical reactions in a cell
• What are the key reactions in metabolism involving glucose?

  • Glucose is converted into cellulose
  • Glucose is converted into starch
  • Glucose reacts with nitrate ions to make amino acids
  • Glucose is converted to glycogen in animals
• What is cellulose and its role in plant cells?

  A chemical that strengthens the plant cell wall
• What is starch in relation to glucose?

  A storage form of glucose in plants
• How do plant cells use glucose to synthesize proteins?

  By converting glucose into amino acids
• What is glycogen and its role in animals?

  A storage form of glucose in animals
• What is formed when one molecule of glycerol reacts with three fatty acids?

  A lipid molecule
• Where are lipids found in the cell?

  In the cell membrane
• What happens to excess proteins in humans?

  They are broken down into urea
• How is urea excreted from the body?

  By the kidneys
• What are the main components of metabolism reactions discussed?

  • Glucose to cellulose
  • Glucose to starch
  • Glucose to amino acids
  • Glucose to glycogen
  • Glycerol and fatty acids to lipids
  • Excess proteins to urea
• Starch


  A storage form of glucose in plants, made up of many glucose molecules (polymers) linked together.
• Glucose


  A simple sugar that serves as a source of energy for plants.
• Cellulose


  A polysaccharide (made up of many sugar molecules) found in plant cell walls, not a storage form of glucose.