G10 IT Networks & E-Comms

• Network: A collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, and other devices connected to one another for sharing data and resources.
• Local Area Network: A network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area, such as within a single building or campus.
• Wide Area Network: A network that covers a broad area, often a country or continent, connecting multiple LANs and other networks.
• Network Interface Controller: A hardware component that connects a computer to a network, typically through an Ethernet cable or wireless connection.
• Switch: A network device tused to connect devices on a network, sending information directly to it's destination.
• Fiber Optic Cables: Cables that use thin strands of glass or plastic to transmit data as pulses of light, offering high-speed data transmission over long distances.
• UTP Cables: Commonly used Ethernet cables that consist of pairs of twisted wires, used for LAN connections.
• Attenuation: The reduction of signal strength as it travels through a medium, such as a cable or fiber optic, leading to data loss over distance.
• Eavesdropping: Unauthorized interception of network communications, where a third party listens in on network traffic without permission.
• Crosstalk: Unintentional transfer of signals between communication channels, often leading to interference and data distortion.
• Electromagnetic Interference: Disruption of wireless signals caused by electromagnetic radiation from electronic devices, affecting network performance.
• Wi-Fi: A technology that allows devices to connect to a LAN or WAN wirelessly, typically using radio waves, enabling internet access and local network communication.
• Network Operating System: An operating system specifically designed to manage network resources, services, and communications between computers in a network.
• Wireless Local Area Network: A LAN that uses wireless communication to connect devices, allowing data transmission without physical cables.
• Intranet: A private network within an organization that uses internet technologies to securely share information, resources, and communication internally.
• Extranet: An extension of an intranet that allows authorized external users, such as business partners or customers, limited access to internal network resources.
• Personal Area Network: A small network for personal devices like smartphones, tablets, and laptops, typically within the range of an individual person.
• Municipal Area Network: A network that covers a larger geographic area within a city or municipality, connecting various locations and providing high-speed internet access.
• Client-Server: A network architecture where client devices request services or resources from centralized servers, which fulfill these requests.
• Fat Client: A client device with significant processing power and resources, capable of executing applications and tasks independently of the server.
• Thin Client: A client device with limited processing power, relying heavily on a server to perform most computing tasks and applications.
• Client: A device or software application that requests services or resources from a server in a client-server network architecture.
• Peer: A computer or device connected to a network that can both request and provide services, resources, or data to other devices on the network.
• Peer-to-Peer: A network architecture where all devices have equal status, allowing them to communicate directly without the need for a centralized server.
• Logical Drive: A virtual drive created within a physical drive, allowing data to be organized and accessed as separate entities on the same storage device.
• Email Server: A server responsible for sending, receiving, and storing email messages, allowing users to access their emails from email clients.
• Proxy Server: A server that manages, monitors and provides access to an Internet connection for networking devices.
• Print Server: A server dedicated to managing print requests from client devices, allowing users to print documents and images on network-connected printers.
• E-Mail: Messages distributed electronically from one computer user to another using a network.
• Social Networking: Online platforms or websites that allow individuals to create profiles, connect with others, and share content and information.
• Instant Messaging: Real-time online communication where users can send text messages to each other instantly over the internet.
• SMS: A text messaging service available on most mobile phones, using standardized communications protocols.
• Video Conferencing: Live, visual connection between two or more people in different locations, allowing them to communicate and interact as if they were in the same room.
• Voice over Internet Protocol: Technology that allows voice communication and multimedia sessions over the internet, enabling phone calls and video conferencing online.
• Internet Service Provider: A company or organization that provides access to the internet, often through various technologies such as DSL, cable, or fiber optics.
• Web-Based E-Mail: E-mail services that can be accessed via a web browser, allowing users to send, receive, and manage their e-mails online.
• ISP-Based E-Mail: E-mail services provided by an Internet Service Provider, often associated with the ISP's domain, allowing users to have custom e-mail addresses.
• BCC: An e-mail feature allowing the sender to send a copy of an e-mail to recipients without other recipients knowing who received the message.
• CC: An e-mail feature allowing the sender to send a copy of an e-mail to additional recipients, visible to all other recipients.
• Reply: Responding to an e-mail message, continuing the conversation by sending a message back to the original sender.