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Chemistry
Atoms
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Created by
Joe Dobson
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Cards (57)
What are all things made up of?
Lots of tiny particles called
atoms
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How many atoms does a single cell contain?
More than
100 trillion
atoms
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What is the basic structure of an atom?
A
nucleus
surrounded by orbiting
electrons
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What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons
and
neutrons
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What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
Both have a relative mass of
one
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How does the mass of electrons compare to protons and neutrons?
Electrons are
2000
times smaller
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What charge do protons have?
Protons have a
positive
charge
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What charge do neutrons have?
Neutrons
have
no
charge
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What charge do electrons have?
Electrons have a
negative
charge
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How can you remember the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons are
positive
, neutrons are
neutral
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What is the radius of an atom?
About 0.1
nanometers
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What is mostly empty space in an atom?
The area between the
nucleus
and
electrons
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How much smaller is the nucleus compared to the atom?
10,000
times smaller
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What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
It becomes an
ion
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What charge does an atom with three protons and four electrons have?
One
minus
negative
ion
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What charge does an atom with three protons and two electrons have?
One
plus
positive ion
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What does each box in the periodic table represent?
A different type of
atom
called an
element
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What does the atomic number tell us?
How many
protons
an atom has
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How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Mass number
minus
atomic number
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How many neutrons does oxygen have if its mass number is 16?
Eight
neutrons
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How many neutrons does lithium have if its mass number is 7?
Four
neutrons
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How many electrons does an atom have if it has three protons?
Three
electrons
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How many electrons does oxygen have?
Eight
electrons
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How many electrons does lithium have?
Three
electrons
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What is the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral atom?
They are always equal in number
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What determines which element an atom is?
The number of
protons
in the atom
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How do the nuclear symbols of elements convey information?
They show
elemental symbol
,
atomic number
, and
mass number
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What does the elemental symbol represent?
It
represents
the
specific
element
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What does the mass number indicate?
Total number of
protons
and
neutrons
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How do you calculate the number of neutrons in lithium?
Mass number
minus
atomic number
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What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Eight
protons
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What is the atomic number of lithium?
Three
protons
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What happens to the charge of an atom when it becomes an ion?
The
charges
no
longer
balance
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What is the charge of a one minus negative ion?
It has one
extra
electron
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What is the charge of a one plus positive ion?
It has one less
electron
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How does the number of protons affect the identity of an atom?
It determines which
element
the atom is
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What is the significance of the periodic table?
It organizes different types of
atoms
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What does the mass number of an atom indicate?
It indicates the total number of
protons
and
neutrons
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What is the elemental symbol for oxygen?
O
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What is the elemental symbol for lithium?
Li
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