Atoms

Cards (57)

  • What are all things made up of?
    Lots of tiny particles called atoms
  • How many atoms does a single cell contain?
    More than 100 trillion atoms
  • What is the basic structure of an atom?
    A nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons
  • What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
    Protons and neutrons
  • What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
    Both have a relative mass of one
  • How does the mass of electrons compare to protons and neutrons?
    Electrons are 2000 times smaller
  • What charge do protons have?
    Protons have a positive charge
  • What charge do neutrons have?
    Neutrons have no charge
  • What charge do electrons have?
    Electrons have a negative charge
  • How can you remember the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
    Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral
  • What is the radius of an atom?
    About 0.1 nanometers
  • What is mostly empty space in an atom?
    The area between the nucleus and electrons
  • How much smaller is the nucleus compared to the atom?
    10,000 times smaller
  • What happens when an atom gains or loses electrons?
    It becomes an ion
  • What charge does an atom with three protons and four electrons have?
    One minus negative ion
  • What charge does an atom with three protons and two electrons have?
    One plus positive ion
  • What does each box in the periodic table represent?
    A different type of atom called an element
  • What does the atomic number tell us?
    How many protons an atom has
  • How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
    Mass number minus atomic number
  • How many neutrons does oxygen have if its mass number is 16?
    Eight neutrons
  • How many neutrons does lithium have if its mass number is 7?
    Four neutrons
  • How many electrons does an atom have if it has three protons?
    Three electrons
  • How many electrons does oxygen have?
    Eight electrons
  • How many electrons does lithium have?
    Three electrons
  • What is the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral atom?
    They are always equal in number
  • What determines which element an atom is?
    The number of protons in the atom
  • How do the nuclear symbols of elements convey information?
    They show elemental symbol, atomic number, and mass number
  • What does the elemental symbol represent?
    It represents the specific element
  • What does the mass number indicate?
    Total number of protons and neutrons
  • How do you calculate the number of neutrons in lithium?
    Mass number minus atomic number
  • What is the atomic number of oxygen?
    Eight protons
  • What is the atomic number of lithium?
    Three protons
  • What happens to the charge of an atom when it becomes an ion?
    The charges no longer balance
  • What is the charge of a one minus negative ion?
    It has one extra electron
  • What is the charge of a one plus positive ion?
    It has one less electron
  • How does the number of protons affect the identity of an atom?
    It determines which element the atom is
  • What is the significance of the periodic table?
    It organizes different types of atoms
  • What does the mass number of an atom indicate?
    It indicates the total number of protons and neutrons
  • What is the elemental symbol for oxygen?
    O
  • What is the elemental symbol for lithium?
    Li