Societal Influence on Naturalism

• What scientific theory influenced the development of naturalism in literature?

  Darwin's theory of evolution.
• What does naturalism believe about human beings?

  That humans are advanced animals governed by heredity and environment.
• How did naturalist writers approach the depiction of life?

  They aimed to show the truth, no matter how ugly, often exposing the harsh realities of society and industrial progress.
• How is naturalism different from realism in literature?

  While both aim to depict life as it truly is, naturalism is more objective, exploring how nature and environment shape behavior, and focusing on the reasons behind actions.
• What role does the social environment play in naturalist literature?

  It shapes characters and influences their actions and behavior.
• What is a famous example of naturalist literature and its impact?

  Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle, which led to significant labor and safety regulations in the U.S.
• What did The Jungle reveal about the meatpacking industry?

  It exposed unsanitary practices, such as workers washing hands in the water used to make sausage and mixing waste into fresh meat.
• How is The Jungle more than just a novel?

  It is a persuasive text aimed at encouraging action to improve labor conditions and industrial practices.
• What was the result of The Jungle's publication?

  It led President Theodore Roosevelt to investigate the meatpacking industry and enact the first labor and safety regulations in America.
• Why is The Jungle not considered entirely objective in its naturalism?

  It uses persuasive literary techniques to encourage social reform, rather than just presenting an impartial account.