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Interregnum
Consolidation Of Power
Charles Invasion And Defeat
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Cards (50)
Who was the leader of the Scots Covenanters?
Argyll
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What did Argyll declare after his father's execution?
Charles Stuart
as
Charles II
of Scotland
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Where did Charles Stuart arrive from before coming to Scotland?
The Hague
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What was the Rump's response to Charles Stuart's arrival?
They
decided
to
strike
first
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Who refused to lead the invasion against the Scots?
Fairfax
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Why did Fairfax refuse to lead the invasion?
He was concerned about army
radicalisation
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Who became commander-in-chief after Fairfax?
Cromwell
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How did Cromwell's campaign in Scotland begin?
It
did
not
start
well
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What strategy did the Scots use against Cromwell's forces?
They withdrew behind
defensible
positions
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What was the size of Cromwell's original invasion force?
16,300
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To what number was Cromwell's force reduced by September 1650?
About
11,000
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Where did Cromwell retreat to after his forces weakened?
Dunbar
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What was the size of the Scottish army compared to Cromwell's at Dunbar?
Twice
its size
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Who led the London radicals in prayer for Cromwell's forces?
Thomas Harrison
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What was the date of the battle at Dunbar?
3 September 1650
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What was the outcome of the battle at Dunbar?
Cromwell
defeated the larger Scottish army
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How many Scots were killed in the battle at Dunbar?
3,000
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How many Scots were captured after the battle at Dunbar?
10,000
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Who was the leader of the Scots Covenanters?
Argyll
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What did Argyll declare after his father's execution?
Charles Stuart
as
Charles II of Scotland
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Why did Cromwell return from Ireland?
To meet the threat of a
Scottish
invasion
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What was Fairfax's stance on the invasion against the Scots?
He
refused
to
lead
the
invasion
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Who became commander-in-chief after Fairfax refused?
Cromwell
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What was the size of Cromwell's original invasion force?
16,300
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What did the Scots do instead of facing Cromwell in battle?
Withdrew behind defensible positions
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How many troops did Cromwell have left by September 1650?
About 11,000
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What happened to Cromwell's forces at Dunbar?
They were pinned down by a
larger
Scottish army
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What date did Cromwell defeat the Scottish army at Dunbar?
3 September 1650
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How many Scots were killed and captured at Dunbar?
3,000
killed and
10,000
captured
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What were the underlying factors contributing to the New Model Army's victory?
Religious motivation,
sea power
, and economy
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Who did the Scots put in command of their army after their failure?
Charles Stuart
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What happened during Lambert's attack at Inverkeithing in 1651?
Lambert killed
2,000
Scots and took
1,400
prisoners
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What was Cromwell's strategy after Lambert's victory?
To establish
English
control in Perth
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What was Cromwell's aim in Ireland after the regicide?
To impose
English Protestant
control
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How many parliamentary troops did Cromwell land with in Ireland?
10,000
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What was Cromwell's stance towards the Irish Catholics?
To punish them for the
1641
rebellion
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What was the nature of Cromwell's campaign in Ireland?
A series of
bloody
sieges
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What were the most infamous sieges during Cromwell's campaign in Ireland?
Drogheda
and
Wexford
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Who did Cromwell leave in charge of Ireland when he returned to England?
Henry Ireton
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What was Charles Stuart's ultimate aim in invading England?
To secure the English
throne
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