Biopsych

• What is the central organ of the nervous system?

  The brain
• What are the two main divisions of the brain?

  Cerebrum and brainstem
• What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

  • Frontal lobe
  • Parietal lobe
  • Temporal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
• What are the two types of matter in the brain?

  Grey matter and white matter
• What is the primary function of the brain's grey matter?

  Contains neuronal cell bodies
• What is the primary function of the brain's white matter?

  Contains neural connections
• What is the role of the limbic system?

  Emotional processing
• What are the fundamental roles of the brain?

  1. Sensory processing
  2. Motor control
  3. Cognitive functions
  4. Emotional regulation
  5. Memory storage and retrieval
  6. Homeostatic regulation
• What connects the two cerebral hemispheres?

  The corpus callosum
• What is the function of the frontal lobe?

  Decision making and executive functions
• What does the parietal lobe manage?

  Sensory integration and spatial awareness
• What is the primary responsibility of the occipital lobe?

  Visual processing
• What does the temporal lobe control?

  Auditory processing and memory formation
• What is the role of the cerebellum?

  Coordinates movement and balance
• What does the medulla oblongata control?

  Vital functions like breathing and heart rate
• What is the function of the thalamus?

  Sensory and motor signal relay
• What is the function of the hypothalamus?

  Hormone regulation
• What is the primary function of the visual area?

  Image recognition and perception
• What is the primary function of the auditory area?

  Hearing
• What is the primary function of the emotional area?

  Fight or flight response
• What is the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)?

  A division of the autonomic nervous system
• What response does the SNS activate during stressful situations?

  Fight-or-flight response
• How does the SNS prepare the body for action?

  By increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness
• What does the SNS do in contrast to the parasympathetic nervous system?

  Mobilizes energy to cope with threats
• What are the key roles and functions of the SNS?

  • Increases heart rate and blood pressure
  • Dilates pupils to enhance vision
  • Relaxes airways for increased oxygen intake
  • Diverts blood to muscles for enhanced strength
• What happens to heart rate during SNS activation?

  It increases
• What effect does the SNS have on pupils?

  It dilates them
• How does the SNS affect airways?


  It relaxes them
• What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?

  Regulating the body during rest and relaxation
• How does the parasympathetic nervous system help maintain homeostasis?

  By slowing heart rate and promoting digestion
• What are key functions of the parasympathetic nervous system?

  Reducing arousal and facilitating energy storage
• What happens to the body when the parasympathetic nervous system is activated?

  Heart rate slows and digestion is promoted
• From which two areas does the parasympathetic division arise?

  The brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord
• What neurotransmitter does the sympathetic nervous system primarily use?

  Norepinephrine
• What are endocrine glands?

  Ductless glands that secrete hormones
• How do hormones travel in the body?

  They travel through the bloodstream
• What is the primary function of hormones?

  To regulate bodily functions
• What distinguishes endocrine glands from exocrine glands?

  Endocrine glands have no ducts
• What are the key characteristics of hormones?

  • Chemical signals
  • Travel through blood
  • Target specific receptor cells
  • Trigger physiological responses
  • Operate on feedback mechanisms
• What is the main function of the adrenal glands?

  Fight-or-flight response