section C human development

• What section does this overview cover in health and social care?

  Section C for Unit One
• What is the first physical impact of aging mentioned?

  Cardiovascular disease
• How does the risk of cardiovascular disease change with age?

  It significantly increases as we age
• What changes occur in the heart as we age?

  The heart size increases and walls thicken
• What happens to pacemaker cells as we age?

  We lose pacemaker cells
• What are the consequences of heart conditions in older adults?

  Loss of independence and potential depression
• What is linked to the degeneration of nervous tissue?

  Genetic significant changes in the body
• What happens to the ability of nervous tissue as we age?

  It loses the ability to send messages effectively
• What are some effects of degeneration of nervous tissue?

  Short-term memory loss and reduced reflexes
• What disease is associated with the degeneration of nervous tissue?

  Parkinson's disease
• At what age does degeneration of nervous tissue generally begin to affect mobility?

  Around the age of 60
• What happens to our key senses as we age?

  They weaken for various reasons
• How does aging affect taste and smell?

  Taste buds and smell receptors become less effective
• What is a potential consequence of reduced taste and smell?

  Loss of appetite and inability to detect danger
• How does aging affect touch sensitivity?

  We become less sensitive to heat and cold
• What can reduced touch sensitivity lead to?

  Increased likelihood of burns and injuries
• What happens to sight as we age?

  It can lead to cataracts and general sight loss
• What happens to hearing as we age?

  Hearing senses become weaker and fluid stiffens
• What health issue can arise from aging-related hearing loss?

  Balance issues and tinnitus
• What is osteoarthritis?

  Rubbing of joints due to cartilage loss
• What are the consequences of osteoarthritis?

  Pain in joints and mobility issues
• How does aging affect nutrition?

  We become less efficient at breaking down food
• What illnesses can develop due to poor nutrition in older adults?

  Anemia and osteoporosis
• How does dementia relate to aging?

  It overlaps with degeneration of nervous tissue
• What are some serious effects of Alzheimer's disease?

  Routine memory loss and difficulty completing tasks
• What happens to the body's efficiency in protecting itself as we age?

  It becomes less efficient at protection
• What emotional issues may arise from aging?

  Increased distress and feelings of isolation
• What percentage of people over 65 live alone?

  36%
• How can older adults reduce feelings of loneliness?

  By taking advantage of free bus travel
• What factors are essential for high self-esteem in older adults?

  Good health, employment, and financial security
• What is the activity theory of aging?

  Older people need to remain active and engaged
• Who introduced the activity theory of aging?

  Habitus in 1960
• What does social disengagement theory argue?

  Older people naturally withdraw from society
• Who proposed the social disengagement theory?

  Cummings and Henry in 1961
• What percentage of retired people have financial pressures?

  45%
• What types of support do older adults need in later adulthood?

  Healthcare, social care, and psychological care
• What is a significant trend in the UK population?

  The UK has an aging population
• What is the impact of an aging population on life expectancy?

  It increases life expectancy
• What is the dependency ratio?

  It increases with an aging population
• What percentage of the NHS budget is spent on care for older people?

  40%