population and the enviroment

• fill in the blanks

  the size of the population in an area is influenced by how many people the environment of that area can support
• are populations evenly spread

  no
• define distribution

  the pattern of where people live. people live in areas with favourable conditions e.g. costal plains not unfavourable e.g glaciers
• why is the population of China unevenly distrubuted

  over 90% live in the eastern side as the western side is covered by mountains and deserts so is uninhabited
• define population density

  the population of an area divided by the size of that area
• give me an example of a country with high population density

  Bangladesh has 1200 people per km
• give me an example of a country with low population density

  libiya approx 4 people per km
• where are areas of high population density tend to be

  between 20 degree N and 60 degrees N
• what are the areas of highest population density

  south and east asia
• what year did the world reach 1 billion people

  1804
• why did it take so long to reach 1 billion people ?

  famine , disease and war
• the population of England and wales increased from approx 9.4 million in 1801 to what in 1901

  32.5 million
• what century did population growth start to rapidly increase and for what areas

  19th century , north America and many wester countires e.g england
• why did population rapidly increase in the 19th century

  improvements in medecine and food production increased life expectancy and reduced infant mortality rates
• in 1950 the population was approx 2.5 billion what was the population in 2017

  approx 7.5 billion
• was the population growth since 1950 driven by developing or developed countries

  developing
• what country is experiencing population decline and why

  Ukraine DR is higher than Br
• what population is increasing faster urban or rural

  urban
• what are the 3 main aspects of the physcial enviroment that affect populations

  climate , soils , resource distrubution
• what climate usually has the largest population density and population and why

  tropical (hot and wet) because it is eaiser to produce food
• What can farms be considered as in agricultural systems?

  Open systems
• What types of inputs are included in agricultural systems?

  Physical, cultural, economic, and behavioural
• How do physical factors change as an area develops?

  They become less important
• What are the inputs in agriculture as an open system?

  Physical, human, and economic factors
• What are examples of outputs from a farm?

  Crops, milk, and meat products
• What is commercial agriculture focused on?

  Making a profit
• What characterizes subsistence agriculture?

  Food produced for the farmer's family
• What does arable farming involve?

  Growing of crops
• What does pastoral farming involve?

  Rearing of livestock
• What is mixed farming?

  A combination of arable and pastoral farming
• What characterizes intensive farming?

  Small farm size with high inputs
• What characterizes extensive farming?

  Large farm size with low inputs
• What is agribusiness?

  Large corporate organization of farming
• What is agricultural productivity?

  Measure of economic performance of agriculture
• How is agricultural productivity assessed?

  By comparing outputs to inputs
• What does Total Factor Productivity (TFP) represent?

  Ratio of agricultural outputs to inputs
• How can TFP grow?

  By using inputs more effectively
• What are the methods to improve total factor productivity in crops and livestock?

  Crops:

  • Higher yielding crops
  • Disease-resistant crops
  • Drought/flood tolerant crops
  • Efficient cultivation practices
  • Technology for precise water and fertiliser application

  
  

  Livestock:

  • Breeding for favourable traits
  • Better animal care
  • Improved disease management
  • Higher quality animal feed
• What has been the impact of TFP in low-income countries since the mid-1980s?

  Boosted agricultural output dramatically
• What is required to raise productivity in low-income countries?

  Investments in research and rural infrastructure