ATP

• Why is energy important for living organisms?

  It is required for all life processes
• What do plant and animal cells need energy for?

  For biological processes to occur
• What are some energy requirements for plants?

  • Active transport
  • DNA replication
  • Cell division
  • Protein synthesis
• What are some energy requirements for animals?

  • Active transport
  • DNA replication
  • Cell division
  • Protein synthesis
• What is the process called that releases energy from glucose?

  Respiration
• How do cells obtain energy from glucose?

  By converting it into ATP
• What is ATP an abbreviation for?

  Adenosine triphosphate
• What components make up ATP?

  Adenine, ribose sugar, and phosphate groups
• What is ATP classified as?

  A nucleotide derivative
• What happens to ATP once it is made?

  It diffuses to the part needing energy
• Where is the energy in ATP stored?

  In high energy bonds between phosphate groups
• How is energy released from ATP?

  Through hydrolysis reactions
• What is the product of ATP hydrolysis?

  ADP and inorganic phosphate
• What enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of ATP?

  ATP hydrolase
• What is ATP hydrolysis coupled to?

  Other energy-requiring reactions
• What is phosphorylation?

  Adding inorganic phosphate to a compound
• How can ATP be resynthesized?

  By a condensation reaction between ADP and P
• What enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of ATP?

  ATP synthase
• What are the steps involved in ATP synthesis?

  1. ADP combines with inorganic phosphate
  2. Catalyzed by ATP synthase
  3. Occurs during respiration and photosynthesis