self report

• What self-report techniques are covered in the video?

  Questionnaires and interviews
• What is a self-report technique?

  A method where participants reveal personal information
• What is an interview in the context of self-report techniques?

  A real-time conversation with a researcher
• How does a questionnaire differ from an interview?

  A questionnaire uses pre-prepared questions sent to participants
• What type of data do open questions provide?

  Qualitative data in the form of words
• What type of data do closed questions provide?

  Quantitative data in the form of numbers
• Why are closed questions easier for researchers to analyze?

  They provide data that can be easily compared
• What is a potential drawback of open questions?

  They may lead to less easily comparable data
• What should researchers ensure when designing questions?

  Questions should be clear and understandable
• What is a leading question?

  A question that suggests how to respond
• What does piloting a questionnaire mean?

  Testing it with a few participants first
• What are filler questions used for?

  To put participants at ease or hide study aims
• What is demand characteristics?

  Participants altering responses to help researchers
• What is the difference between structured and unstructured interviews?

  Structured interviews have fixed questions; unstructured do not
• What is a disadvantage of structured interviews?

  They cannot explore interesting points further
• What is an advantage of unstructured interviews?

  They allow for developing rapport and exploring topics
• What is a semi-structured interview?

  A mix of prepared and spontaneous questions
• What is a strength of self-report techniques?

  They are easy to replicate and analyze
• What is social desirability bias?

  Participants lying to appear favorable
• How do questionnaires compare to interviews?

  Questionnaires are cheaper and easier to distribute
• What is acquiescence bias?

  Participants agreeing with all questions
• How can researchers check for acquiescence bias?

  By asking similar questions with opposite phrasing
• What is a disadvantage of interviews?

  They require a highly trained interviewer
• What are interviewer effects?

  Characteristics of the interviewer influencing responses
• How can the interviewer's characteristics affect responses?

  Different demographics may elicit varied responses
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of self-report techniques?

  Strengths:

  • Easy to replicate
  • Allows for detailed personal information
  • Can analyze data statistically

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Susceptible to bias
  • Social desirability bias affects honesty
• What are the types of interviews in self-report techniques?

  1. Structured interviews: Fixed questions, easy comparison
  2. Unstructured interviews: Free-flowing, rapport building
  3. Semi-structured interviews: Mix of fixed and spontaneous questions
• What are the key considerations when designing questionnaires and interviews?

  • Clarity of questions
  • Avoiding complex terminology
  • Preventing leading questions
  • Piloting to identify issues
• What are the implications of using filler questions?

  • Ease participant anxiety
  • Conceal study aims
  • Reduce demand characteristics
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires?

  Advantages:

  • Cost-effective for large samples
  • No need for trained interviewers

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • No immediate clarification of questions
  • Participants may not take them seriously
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of interviews?

  Advantages:

  • Clarification of questions
  • Building rapport with participants

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • Requires trained interviewers
  • Higher costs and smaller sample sizes
• What resources are available for further study on research methods?

  • Tutorial videos on AS and A-level research methods
  • Printable resources on psychboost.com