Stages of mitosis

• What happens during Prophase?


  Chromosomes condence and become visable in the nucleus
• Explain everything that happens in prophase

  The first stage of mitosis, during which the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the centrioles start to move apart.
• What are the two main stages of cell division?

  Interphase and mitotic (M) phase
• What happens to chromosomes during interphase?

  Each chromosome is copied into sister chromatids
• Are chromosomes visible during interphase?

  No, they are not visible
• What occurs at the start of mitosis?

  A cell has just finished interphase
• What are the four stages of mitosis?

  • Prophase
  • Metaphase
  • Anaphase
  • Telophase
• What happens to chromosomes during prophase?

  Chromosomes condense and become visible
• What happens to the nucleolus during prophase?

  The nucleolus disappears
• What begins to form during prophase?

  Spindle fibers begin to form
• Where do centrioles move during prophase?

  To either side or pole of the cell
• What is the position of chromosomes during metaphase?

  They are lined up at the center of the cell
• What happens to centromeres during anaphase?

  Centromeres divide into two
• What do spindle fibers do during anaphase?

  They pull sister chromatids towards opposite poles
• What happens to chromatids during telophase?

  They reach the poles and become chromosomes
• What reforms during telophase?

  Nuclear membranes reform
• What happens to chromosomes during telophase?

  They uncoil back to chromatin state
• What is the process that follows mitosis?

  Cytokinesis begins
• How does cytokinesis occur in animal cells?

  The cell membrane is pulled inwards
• What forms during cytokinesis in plant cells?

  Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus
• What do vesicles fuse to form during plant cell cytokinesis?

  A central cell membrane
• What forms down the center of plant cells during cytokinesis?

  A new cellulose cell wall
• What are the key differences in cytokinesis between animal and plant cells?

  • Animal cells: membrane pulled inwards, forming a furrow
  • Plant cells: vesicles form membrane structures, creating a new cell wall
• What is the final outcome of cell division by mitosis?

  Two independent cells are formed
• What should you be able to do after learning this material?

  Describe the stages of cell division by mitosis
• What is the outcome of mitosis?

  Two identical daughter nuclei
• What follows interphase in the cell cycle?

  Mitosis
• What are the four stages of mitosis?

  1. Prophase
  2. Metaphase
  3. Anaphase
  4. Telophase
• What happens during prophase?

  Chromosomes pair and become visible
• Where do chromosomes meet during metaphase?

  At the equator of the cell
• What occurs during anaphase?

  Sister chromatids are pulled apart
• What happens to the spindle fibers during telophase?

  They break down
• What is the final step after mitosis?

  Cytokinesis
• How does cytokinesis occur?

  The cytoplasm splits into two cells
• What is sometimes referred to as cleavage in cell division?

  The pinching of the plasma membrane
• What are the key components involved in mitosis?

  • Chromosomes
  • Chromatids
  • Centromere
  • Spindle
  • Centriole
• What happens to the nucleolus during prophase?

  It disappears
• What forms when centrioles move to opposite poles?

  Spindle fibers and asters
• How do chromosomes attach during metaphase?

  By their centromere to spindle fibers
• What happens to chromosomes at the end of telophase?

  They unwind