Movement of particles from high to low concentration
What is the process of diffusion?
Movement of particles from high to low concentration
How does a steeper concentration gradient affect diffusion?
It increases the rate of diffusion
How do particles move during diffusion?
Randomly from high to low concentration
Does diffusion require energy?
No, itdoesnotrequireenergy
What happens when equilibrium is reached in diffusion?
Concentration becomes equal throughout
What is the difference in diffusion rates when comparing Na+ concentrations of 18 vs 4 and 10 vs 4?
Diffusion is faster at 18 vs 4
What are the two types of concentration gradients shown in the image?
Lower CG
Higher CG
How does a greater concentration gradient (CG) affect the diffusion rate?
A greater CG means faster diffusion rate.
Why does diffusion occur without external energy?
Particles naturally seek a more dispersed state
What does the diffusion rate depend on?
The steepness of the concentration gradient
How does diffusion relate to concentration gradients?
Particles move down the concentration gradient
How do the lower and higher CG diagrams differ?
Lower CG has fewer, more concentrated members
Higher CG has more, less concentrated members
Higher CG indicates faster diffusion rate
What is the goal of diffusion?
To achieve equilibrium
What is the definition of a concentration gradient (CG)?
A physical state in which the concentration of a solute or particle differs between two points in space, such as two opposing sides of a membrane.
If the external concentration of Na+ is 18 and internal is 4, how does this affect diffusion?
Na+ ions diffuse faster
How could the information in this image be applied to understanding biological processes?
Understanding how concentration gradients drive diffusion of substances across cell membranes
Explaining how differences in ion concentrations between cellular compartments or across the cell membrane facilitate processes like signaling and transport
What factors affect diffusion rates?
Steepness of the concentration gradient
Temperature of the environment
Size of the particles
Surface area of the membrane
What factors influence the diffusion rate based on the information provided?
Concentration gradient (CG): A greater CG leads to faster diffusion
Membrane permeability: Factors affecting permeability would also impact diffusion rate
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms.
Tissues are groups of similar cells working together (e.g., muscle tissue contracts to allow movement, epithelial tissue covers organs and surfaces of the body).
Organs are made of different tissues performing a function (e.g., the heart pumps blood, the lungs enable gas exchange).
Organ systems are groups of organs working together (e.g., the digestive system processes food to extract nutrients).
cells → tissues → organs → organ systems → organism.