microscopy

• What is the main function of microscopes?

  To magnify images of specimens
• What have light microscopes allowed scientists to discover?

  Structures inside cells, like the nucleus
• What is a limitation of light microscopes regarding magnification?

  They have limited magnification power
• What is another major limitation of light microscopes?

  They have limited resolution and magnification
• Why are electron microscopes invented?

  To explore structures inside cells in detail
• What is a key advantage of electron microscopes?

  Greater magnification and resolution
• What can be seen in the nucleus using an electron microscope?

  Details not visible with a light microscope
• If the image size of the nucleus is 45 mm and the real diameter is 0.01 mm, what is the magnification?

  4,500 times
• How do you calculate the magnification if the image size is 30 mm and the real size is 0.03 mm?

  10,000 times
• How can you find the size of the real object using magnification?

  Real size = image size / magnification
• If the image size is 87 mm and the magnification is 2,000 times, what is the real size of the cell?

  0.435 mm
• What are the advantages of electron microscopes over light microscopes?

  • Much greater magnification
  • Higher resolution
  • Ability to see fine details in specimens
• What are the steps to calculate magnification?

  1. Measure the image size
  2. Measure the real object size
  3. Use the formula: Magnification = image size / real object size
• How do light microscopes and electron microscopes differ in their capabilities?

  • Light microscopes: Limited magnification and resolution
  • Electron microscopes: High magnification and resolution