Nazi Control and Dictatorship 1933 - 1939

• Who became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933?

  Hitler
• What was Hitler's real aim after becoming Chancellor?

  To become a dictator
• Why did Hitler convince Hindenburg to call a new Reichstag election?

  To gain enough seats for power
• What event occurred on 27 February 1933?

  The Reichstag building was set on fire
• Who was caught in the Reichstag fire?

  A Dutch communist, van der Lubbe
• How did the Reichstag fire help Hitler gain power?

  It led to emergency laws restricting liberty
• What percentage of the population voted for the Nazis in the March 1933 election?

  44 percent
• What did Hitler do after the Reichstag election?

  He joined with nationalists to form a majority
• What was passed on 23 March 1933?

  The Enabling Act
• What did the Enabling Act allow Hitler to do?

  Make laws without Reichstag approval
• Why was the Enabling Act considered critical for Hitler?

  It gave him absolute power to make laws
• What happened on 7 April 1933?

  Nazi officials took charge of local government
• Who were removed from influential positions in 1933?

  ‘Alien elements’ and undesirables
• What was the purpose of banning trade unions on 2 May 1933?

  To eliminate potential opposition
• What was established in place of trade unions?

  The German Labour Front (DAF)
• What was the significance of banning political parties on 14 July 1933?

  It made Germany a one-party state
• What happened in January 1934 regarding state governments?

  All state governments were taken over
• How did taking over state governments help Hitler?

  It centralized policy and reduced dissent
• What event is known as the Night of the Long Knives?

  The murder of SA leaders by the SS
• Why did Hitler order the Night of the Long Knives?

  To eliminate opposition within the Nazi Party
• What was the outcome of the Night of the Long Knives?

  It solidified Hitler's control over the Nazis
• When did Hitler declare himself Führer?

  19 August 1934
• What oath did members of the armed forces have to swear?

  An oath of allegiance to Hitler
• How did Hitler extend his power after becoming Führer?

  By reorganizing local government and banning unions
• What agreement did Hitler sign with the Pope?

  A Concordat
• What was the purpose of the Nazi people's courts?

  Judges had to swear loyalty to Nazis
• By autumn 1934, what was the state of Hitler's control over Germany?

  He was in complete control of Germany
• Who became Chancellor of Germany in 1933?

  Hitler
• What title did Hitler declare for himself by 1934?

  Führer
• What was the purpose of Hitler eliminating opposition within the Nazi Party?

  To consolidate his power
• What event led to the purge of the SA on June 30, 1934?

  Night of the Long Knives
• How many members of the SA were murdered during the purge?

  Around 400
• Who led the SS?

  Heinrich Himmler
• What was the primary role of the Gestapo?

  To monitor opposition to Nazi rule
• What does SD stand for in the context of Nazi organizations?

  Sicherheitsdienst
• What was the role of the SD?

  Intelligence gathering for the SS
• How did the Nazis control the legal system?

  Judges swore loyalty to Hitler
• What happened to lawyers under Nazi rule?

  They had to join the Nazi Lawyers' Association
• What was the impact of local prosecutors deciding penalties?

  Increased variability in punishments
• How many crimes carried the death penalty increased from 1933 to 1939?

  From three to 46